Monascin
(Synonyms: 红曲) 目录号 : GC38930
Monascin 是可从红曲米中提取得到的一种氮杂类色素，有口服活性，具有抗肿瘤和抗炎活性。Monascin 还能抑制NOR 的激活。
Cas No.:21516-68-7
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.50%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Monascin is a kind of azaphilonoid pigments extracted from Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mold rice). Monascin also exhibits anti-tumor-initiating activity and anti-inflammatory activity with oral administration. Monascin inhibits the activation of NOR 1 (an NO donor)[1][2].
Monascin (0.0025% in drinking water; mice) appears effective for the inhibition of UVB-initiated carcinogenesis on mouse skin[1]. Animal Model: SENCAR mouse using a UVB irradiation as an initiator and TPA as a promoter[1].
[1]. Akihisa T, et al. Anti-tumor-initiating effects of monascin, an azaphilonoid pigment from the extract of Monascus pilosus fermented rice (red-mold rice). Chem Biodivers. 2005 Oct;2(10):1305-9. [2]. Lee CL, et al. Monascus fermentation of dioscorea for increasing the production of cholesterol-lowering agent--monacolin K and antiinflammation agent--monascin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2006 Oct;72(6):1254-62.
| Cas No. | 21516-68-7 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 红曲 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C([C@@H]1C(CCCCC)=O)O[C@]2(C)[C@]1([H])CC(C=C(/C=C/C)OC3)=C3C2=O | ||
| 分子式 | C21H26O5 | 分子量 | 358.43 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 50 mg/mL (139.50 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.7899 mL | 13.9497 mL | 27.8995 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.558 mL | 2.7899 mL | 5.5799 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.279 mL | 1.395 mL | 2.7899 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Alleviation of metabolic syndrome by Monascin and ankaflavin: the perspective of Monascus functional foods
Food Funct 2017 Jun 1;8(6):2102-2109.PMID:28608901DOI:10.1039/c7fo00406k.
The metabolites of Monascus with multiple benefits are popular subjects for the development of functional foods. The yellow pigments, Monascin and ankaflavin, which are the constituent metabolites of M. purpureus, M. pilosus and M. ruber, are becoming the focus of research on Monascus. Monascin and ankaflavin are azaphilone compounds with similar structures that exhibit multiple beneficial effects including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, immunomodulation, attenuation of Alzheimer's disease risk factor, and anti-tumorigenic effects. Monascin and ankaflavin not only possess pleiotropic bioactivities, but are also more potent than monacolin K in lowering lipid levels and have lower toxicity. Monascin and ankaflavin act as the activators of PPARγ agonist/Nrf-2 that subsequently ameliorate metabolic syndrome. Following the intensive exploration of Monascus bioactivities in recent years, the focus of research on Monascus-functional foods has shifted from whole fermented products/extracts to specific bioactive compounds. Therefore, the production of Monascin and ankaflavin is an important topic with respect to Monascus-functional foods. Although several genomic studies have paved the way for understanding the production of secondary metabolites in Monascus, efforts are still required to effectively manipulate the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites with genetic engineering and/or culture techniques.
Monascin and ankaflavin-Biosynthesis from Monascus purpureus, production methods, pharmacological properties: A review
Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023 Feb;70(1):137-147.PMID:35353924DOI:10.1002/bab.2336.
Monascus purpureus copiously yields beneficial secondary metabolites , including Monascus pigments, which are broadly used as food additives, as a nitrite substitute in meat products, and as a colorant in the food industry. Monascus yellow pigments (Monascin and ankaflavin) have shown potential antidiabetic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antibiotic, anticancer, and antiobesity activities. Cosmetic and textile industries are other areas where it has established its potential as a dye. This paper reviews the production methods of Monascus yellow pigments, biosynthesis of Monascus pigments from M. purpureus, factors affecting yellow pigment production during fermentation, and the pharmacological properties of Monascin and ankaflavin.
A novel PPARgamma agonist Monascin's potential application in diabetes prevention
Food Funct 2014 Jul 25;5(7):1334-40.PMID:24752777DOI:10.1039/c3fo60575b.
Edible fungi of the Monascus species have been used as traditional Chinese medicine in eastern Asia for several centuries. Monascus-fermented products possess a number of functional secondary metabolites, including the anti-inflammatory pigments Monascin and ankaflavin. Monascin has been shown to prevent or ameliorate several conditions, including hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity. Recently, Monascin has been shown to improve hyperglycemia, attenuate oxidative stress, inhibit insulin resistance, and suppress inflammatory cytokine production. In our recent study, we have found that Monascin is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) agonist. The PPARgamma agonist activity had been investigated and its exerted benefits are inhibition of inflammation in methylglyoxal (MG)-treated rats, prevention of pancreas impairment causing advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), promotion of insulin expression in vivo and in vitro, and attenuated carboxymethyllysine (CML)-induced hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation in the past several years. Moreover, our studies also demonstrated that Monascin also activated nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in pancreatic RIN-m5F cell line thereby invading methylglyoxal induced pancreas dysfunction. In this review, we focus on the chemo-preventive properties of Monascin against metabolic syndrome through PPARgamma and Nrf2 pathways.
Monascin inhibits IL-1β induced catabolism in mouse chondrocytes and ameliorates murine osteoarthritis
Food Funct 2018 Mar 1;9(3):1454-1464.PMID:29473075DOI:10.1039/c7fo01892d.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related degenerative disease and is the fourth major cause of disability, but there are no effective therapies because of its complex pathology and the side effects of the drugs. Previous research demonstrated that inflammation and ECM degradation play major roles in OA development. Monascin is an azaphilonoid pigment extracted from Monascus-fermented rice with a potential anti-inflammatory effect reported in various preclinical studies. In the present study, we investigated the protectiveness of Monascin on interleukin (IL)-1β-induced mouse chondrocytes and surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus mouse (DMM) OA models. In vitro, Monascin treatment inhibited the IL-1β-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). In addition, the IL-1β-stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS-5) upregulation and type two collagen and aggrecan degradation were reversed by Monascin. Mechanistically, we revealed that Monascin suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling by activating the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. And monascin-induced protectiveness in OA development was also shown by using a DMM model. Altogether, our results suggested that Monascin could be a novel therapeutic approach for OA.
Monascin abrogates RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells via regulating MAPKs signaling pathways
Front Pharmacol 2022 Jul 15;13:950122.PMID:35910375DOI:10.3389/fphar.2022.950122.
Osteoclasts (OCs) are multinucleated cells that play a major role in osteolytic diseases such as osteoporosis. Monascin (Ms) is one of the active substances in the traditional Chinese medicine red yeast rice. Studies have found that red yeast rice can maintain bone health. In this study, the anti-osteoclastogenesis effects of Ms on RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells were assessed, and the underlying mechanism was investigated. Ms exhibited inhibitory effects on OC differentiation and formation in a dose-dependent manner and suppressed the bone-resorbing activity of mature OCs. Ms blocked OCs-typical genes (c-Fos, NFATc1, CSTK, MMP-9, TRAP, ITG-β3, OSCAR and DC-STAMP). Furthermore, Ms treatment considerably inhibited the activation of MAPKs, JNK and p38. Taken together, Ms suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 cells by restraining MAPKs signaling pathways and is a potential therapeutic option as a novel OC inhibitor to mitigate bone erosion.