N-acetyl Sulfamethoxazole
(Synonyms: 醋磺胺甲噁唑,Acetylsulfamethoxazole) 目录号 : GC44296
A sulfamethoxazole metabolite
Cas No.:21312-10-7
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >95.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
N-acetyl Sulfamethoxazole is a metabolite of sulfamethoxazole, an antibiotic with antiviral activity, that can be detected in urine.
| Cas No. | 21312-10-7 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 醋磺胺甲噁唑,Acetylsulfamethoxazole | ||
| Canonical SMILES | CC(NC1=CC=C(S(NC2=NOC(C)=C2)(=O)=O)C=C1)=O | ||
| 分子式 | C12H13N3O4S | 分子量 | 295.3 |
| 溶解度 | DMF: 50 mg/ml,DMSO: 50 mg/ml,DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:1): 0.5 mg/ml,Ethanol: 0.25 mg/ml | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.3864 mL | 16.9319 mL | 33.8639 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6773 mL | 3.3864 mL | 6.7728 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3386 mL | 1.6932 mL | 3.3864 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Impact of sludge treatments on the extractability and fate of acetyl sulfamethoxazole residues in amended soils
Chemosphere 2018 Mar;194:828-836.PMID:29268104DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.003.
Sludge recycled in agriculture may bring antibiotics into cropped soils. The nature, total amount, and availability of the antibiotics in soil partly depend on the sludge treatments. Our paper compares the fate of N-acetyl Sulfamethoxazole (AC-SMX) residues between soils incubated with the same sludge but submitted to different processes before being added in soil. The fate of 14C-AC-SMX residues was studied in mixtures of soil and sludges at different treatment levels: 1) activated and 2) centrifuged sludges, both enriched with 14C-AC-SMX, and 3) limed and 4) heat-dried sludges obtained by treating the previously contaminated centrifuged sludge. The evolution of the extractability of 14C residues (CaCl2, methanol) and their mineralization were followed during 119 days. More than 80% of the initial 14C-activity was no longer extractable after 14 days, except in soil with limed sludge. Liming and drying the centrifuged sludge decreased the mineralized 14C fraction from 5.7-6.4% to 1.2-1.8% and consequently, the corresponding soils contained more 14C residues after 119 days. Although 14C residues were more CaCl2-extractable in soil with limed sludge, they seemed to be poorly bioavailable for biodegradation. For all solid sludges, the mineralization rate of 14C-AC-SMX residues was strongly correlated to that of sludge organic carbon, with a coefficient three times lower for the limed and dried sludges than for the centrifuged sludge after 14 days.
Distribution and fate of pharmaceuticals and their metabolite conjugates in a municipal wastewater treatment plant
Water Res 2018 Nov 1;144:774-783.PMID:30176575DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2018.08.034.
Some pharmaceutical conjugates can be excreted into wastewaters at levels rivalling those of the parent compounds; however, little is known about this potential reservoir of pharmaceuticals to aquatic systems. We evaluated the occurrence and distribution of four different classes of pharmaceuticals and their metabolite conjugates in a wastewater treatment plant over four months. Aqueous and suspended solids fractions of primary, mixed liquor, secondary, and final effluent, along with return activated sludge, and waste activated sludge were assessed. The only conjugate not found in the final effluent was acetaminophen sulfate. Moreover, thyroxine and thyroxine glucuronide were the only compounds quantified in the suspended solids in the final effluent. Propranolol, propranolol sulfate, thyroxine, and thyroxine glucuronide all had no significant decreases in concentration going through the wastewater treatment process, from primary to final effluent. However, there were significant decreases observed for acetaminophen (99.8%), sulfamethoxazole (71%), N-acetyl Sulfamethoxazole (59%), and sulfamethoxazole glucuronide (79%). The mean (±SEM) mass loadings in the aqueous fraction of the final effluent for each compound ranged from 0.84 ± 0.2 g/d for thyroxine to 45.3 ± 4.2 g/d for acetaminophen. At least as much conjugate was released into receiving waters, if not more: 1.6 ± 0.2 g/d for thyroxine glucuronide to 18.5 ± 4.5 g/d for sulfamethoxazole glucuronide, and 61.2 ± 9.6 g/d for N-acetyl Sulfamethoxazole. Additionally, the mean loading of thyroxine was 0.29 ± 0.025 g/day and thyroxine glucuronide 1.8 ± 0.59 g/day in the suspended solids. This equates to 26% of total thyroxine and 53% of total thyroxine glucuronide associated with suspended particulate matter that reaches receiving waters. This study reflects the importance of including phase II conjugates in assessing overall compound load of pharmaceutical discharge from wastewaters, and also that substantial amounts of such contaminants are associated with wastewater solids when drugs are in the pg/L to μg/L range.
First international quality control programme for laboratories measuring antimicrobial drugs to support dose individualization in critically ill patients
J Antimicrob Chemother 2021 Jan 19;76(2):430-433.PMID:33094803DOI:10.1093/jac/dkaa445.
Objectives: International quality control (proficiency testing) programmes are instituted to safeguard the analytical performance of laboratories and to aid these laboratories in identifying sources of error in their analytical methods. We describe the first international quality control programme for antimicrobial agents that are frequently used in critically ill patients. Methods: Spiked plasma samples with ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, flucloxacillin, piperacillin, sulfamethoxazole, N-acetyl Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim were shipped to 22 laboratories from eight different countries. Acceptable accuracy by the performing laboratory was defined if measurements were within 80%-120% limits of the true weighed-in concentrations. Results: A total of 81% of the measurements (ranging between 56% and 100%, dependent on drug) were within the 80%-120% limits of the true weighed-in concentrations. Conclusions: We found a relatively good performance of the participating laboratories in measuring eight different antimicrobial drugs. Nevertheless, some of the antimicrobial drugs were not measured properly as up to 44% of the measurements was inaccurate depending on the drug. Our results emphasize the need for and utility of an ongoing quality control programme.
Direct photolysis of human metabolites of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole: evidence for abiotic back-transformation
Environ Sci Technol 2013 Jul 2;47(13):6746-55.PMID:23186099DOI:10.1021/es303777k.
The presence of potentially persistent and bioactive human metabolites in surface waters gives rise to concern; yet little is known to date about the environmental fate of these compounds. This work investigates the direct photolysis of human metabolites of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX). In particular, we determined photolysis kinetics and products, as well as their concentrations in lake water. SMX, N-acetyl Sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole β-D-glucuronide, 4-nitroso sulfamethoxazole, and 4-nitro sulfamethoxazole were irradiated under various light sources and pH conditions. All investigated metabolites, except sulfamethoxazole β-D-glucuronide were found to be more photostable than SMX under environmentally relevant conditions. Between two and nine confirmed photoproducts were identified for SMX-metabolites through ultraperformance liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. Interestingly, photolytic back-transformation to SMX was observed for 4-nitroso-SMX, indicating that this metabolite may serve as an environmental source of SMX. Moreover, two human metabolites along with SMX were regularly detected in Lake Geneva. The knowledge that some metabolites retain biological activity, combined with their presence in the environment and their potential to retransform to the parent compound, underlines the importance of including human metabolites when assessing the effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment.