Norepinephrine (Adrenor)
(Synonyms: 去甲肾上腺素; Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) 目录号 : GC30744
(-)-Norepinephrine (Arterenol, Levarterenol, L-Noradrenaline) is a natural neurotransmitter and hormone. It is an agonist of adrenergic receptors with Ki values of 330, 56, and 740 nM for α1, α2, and β1 adrenoceptors, respectively.
Cas No.:51-41-2
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
;)
,-1-7$$$37316672.jpg');)
;)
;)
$$$36806353.jpg');)
;33(7)%EF%BC%9A546-561$$$37156877.jpg');)
;)
;)
;)
%201124-1138.$$$35908550.jpg');)
%20766-780.$$$37100057.jpg');)
%20418-432.$$$36893736.jpg');)
%EF%BC%9A-240-255.$$$35108512.jpg');)
533-545$$$36543525.jpg');)
%201-13.$$$36600053.jpg');)
;)
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
|
Cell experiment: |
Subcutaneous preadipocytes derived from a 38-year old non-diabetic female donor are immortalized with TERT and HPV E6/E7. For the current studies, a stable diploid clone (referred to as clone B) with consistent differentiation capacity is isolated by ring cloning. Cells are grown in preadipocyte PGM2 media. Once cells are confluent, differentiation is induced by incubation in differentiation media consisting of dexamethasone, IBMX, indomethacin, and additional insulin. Cells are differentiated for 10 days. Prior to treatment, media is replaced with PGM2 media for one day and then switched to serum-free media overnight for treatments. Adipocytes are treated for 6 hours with vehicle, Norepinephrine (NE, 10 μM), CGP (10 nM), or Norepinephrine (NE) and CGP[2]. |
|
References: [1]. MacGregor DA, et al. Relative efficacy and potency of beta-adrenoceptor agonists for generating cAMP in human lymphocytes. Chest. 1996 Jan;109(1):194-200. |
|
(-)-Norepinephrine (Arterenol, Levarterenol, L-Noradrenaline) is a natural neurotransmitter and hormone. It is an agonist of adrenergic receptors with Ki values of 330, 56, and 740 nM for α1, α2, and β1 adrenoceptors, respectively.
(-)-Norepinephrine inhibits the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and CXCL2/MIP-2 and promotes the secretion of IL-10 from LPS-stimulated murine alveolar macrophages. (-)-Norepinephrine down-regulates NF-κB activation in stimulated alveolar macrophages. [2]
Injection of (-)-Norepinephrine into senescence-accelerated prone 8 (SAMP8) mice reverses formaldehyde accumulation and (-)-Norepinephrine deficiency and restored the magnitude of long-term potentiation and memory. [3]
(-)-去甲肾上腺素（Arterenol、Levarterenol、L-Noradrenaline）是一种天然神经递质和激素。它是肾上腺素能受体的激动剂，对α1、α2和β1肾上腺素能受体的Ki值分别为330、56和740 nM。
(-)-去甲肾上腺素抑制LPS刺激小鼠肺泡巨噬细胞产生TNF-α、IL-6和CXCL2/MIP-2，并促进IL-10的分泌。(-)-去甲肾上腺素能够下调受刺激的肺泡巨噬细胞中NF-κB的活化。[2]
将(-)-去甲肾上腺素注射到老化加速易感8号（SAMP8）小鼠体内可以逆转甲醛积累和(-)-去甲肾上腺素缺乏，并恢复长时程增强和记忆的程度。[3]
[1] Ramos BP, et al. Pharmacol Ther. 2007, 113(3):523-36. [2] Cong Z, et al. Clin Sci (Lond). 2020 Jul 31;134(14):1957-1971. [3] Mei Y,et al. Aging Cell. 2015 Aug;14(4):659-68.
| Cas No. | 51-41-2 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 去甲肾上腺素; Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC1=CC=C([C@@H](O)CN)C=C1O | ||
| 分子式 | C8H11NO3 | 分子量 | 169.18 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: 5 mg/mL (29.55 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C) | 储存条件 | 4°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
||
| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
 |
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 5.9109 mL | 29.5543 mL | 59.1086 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.1822 mL | 5.9109 mL | 11.8217 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.5911 mL | 2.9554 mL | 5.9109 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
[Stress and hormone]
The history of the studies on stress and hormones is briefly reviewed. The two main stress transmission systems are the endocrine (CRH-ACTH-Cortisol) and the neural (Sympatho-adreno-medullary) systems. The junction of the two systems resides in the hypothalamus. It has been clarified that CRH has central suppressive effects on eating, sleeping and sexual behavior. The relationships between emotions such as fear, anger and neurotransmitters (noradrenaline or serotonin) are discussed. Recent studies have revealed that various kinds of cytokines secreted from leukocytes stimulate the secretions of CRH and ACTH. Thus the cooperative mechanisms and actions of the endocrine, neural and immune systems against stress to keep homeostasis are elucidated.
Non-invasive monitoring of stress biomarkers in the newborn period
The neonatal period is a highly sensitive time span during which stressful experiences may have an influence on later health outcomes. Medical procedures applied to newborn babies during hospitalization are stressors that trigger a physiological and psychological stress response. Stress response has been traditionally evaluated using scores based on behavioural signs such as facial expressions, limb movements, crying, etc., which are subjectively interpreted. Only few studies have employed measurable physiological signs to objectively evaluate the stress response to specific interventions. The aim of this review is to inform of recently developed biochemical methods that allow clinicians to evaluate the stress response to medical procedures performed in the neonatal period in biological samples non-invasively obtained. Stress biomarkers are based on the physiological stress response mediated by the hypophysis-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic-adreno-medullary systems. Cortisol is at present the most widely employed laboratory determination to measure stress levels. In recent years, sequentially determined salivary cortisol levels have allowed non-invasive monitoring of newborn infants under stressful conditions in the NICU.
The surging role of Chromogranin A in cardiovascular homeostasis
Together with Chromogranin B and Secretogranins, Chromogranin A (CGA) is stored in secretory (chromaffin) granules of the diffuse neuroendocrine system and released with noradrenalin and adrenalin. Co-stored within the granule together with neuropeptideY, cardiac natriuretic peptide hormones, several prohormones and their proteolytic enzymes, CGA is a multifunctional protein and a major marker of the sympatho-adrenal neuroendocrine activity. Due to its partial processing to several biologically active peptides, CGA appears an important pro-hormone implicated in relevant modulatory actions on endocrine, cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune systems through both direct and indirect sympatho-adrenergic interactions. As a part of this scenario, we here illustrate the emerging role exerted by the full-length CGA and its three derived fragments, i.e., Vasostatin 1, catestatin and serpinin, in the control of circulatory homeostasis with particular emphasis on their cardio-vascular actions under both physiological and physio-pathological conditions. The Vasostatin 1- and catestatin-induced cardiodepressive influences are achieved through anti-beta-adrenergic-NO-cGMP signaling, while serpinin acts like beta1-adrenergic agonist through AD-cAMP-independent NO signaling. On the whole, these actions contribute to widen our knowledge regarding the sympatho-chromaffin control of the cardiovascular system and its highly integrated "whip-brake" networks.
Peripheral oxytocin treatment affects the rat adreno-medullary catecholamine content modulating expression of vesicular monoamine transporter 2
The neuropeptide oxytocin has been shown to influence on neuroendocrine function. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of peripheral oxytocin treatment on the synthesis, uptake and content of adreno-medullary catecholamine. For this purpose oxytocin (3.6米g/100g body weight, s.c) was administrated to male rats once a day over 14 days. In order to assess the effect of peripheral oxytocin treatment on adreno-medullary catecholamine we measured epinephrine and norepinephrine content and gene expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), norepinephrine transporter (NET) and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) in the adrenal medulla. Our results show a significant increase of epinephrine (1.7-fold, p<0.05) and norepinephrine (1.5-fold, p<0.05) content in oxytocin treated animals compared to saline treated ones. Oxytocin treatment had no effect either on mRNA or protein level of TH and NET. Under oxytocin treatment the increase in VMAT2 mRNA level was not statistically significant, but it caused a significant increase in protein level of VMAT2 (3.7-fold, p<0.001). These findings indicate that oxytocin treatment increases catecholamine content in the rat adrenal medulla modulating VMAT2 expression.
Lipid peroxidation inhibits norepinephrine-stimulated lipolysis in rat adipocytes. Reduction of beta-adreno-ceptor number
The effect of lipid peroxidation on lipolysis depends on the intactness of the adipocyte plasma membrane. In the intact cells, the norepinephrine-stimulated lipolysis was inhibited, while the basal one was elevated. In the lysed cells, lipid peroxidation had no effect upon hormone-stimulated lipolysis, but the basal one was strongly inhibited. The effects of free radical damage (iron plus ascorbate ions) were compared to those of malondialdehyde, a non-radical product of lipid peroxidation. Although qualitatively similar, deterioration of plasma membrane induced by malondialdehyde was much lower than by free radicals. The changes in lipolytic response to norepinephrine were accompanied by a drastic reduction in the number of beta-adrenergic receptors.