Ocaperidone (R79598)
(Synonyms: 奥卡哌酮,R79598) 目录号 : GC31173
Ocaperidone (R79598) 是一种有效的抗精神病药，作为有效的 5-HT2 和多巴胺 D2 拮抗剂和 5-HT1A 激动剂，对 5-HT2 的 Kis 分别为 0.14 nM、0.46 nM、0.75 nM、1.6 nM 和 5.4 nM 、a1-肾上腺素受体、多巴胺 D2、组胺 H1 和 a2-肾上腺素受体，h5-HT1A 的 pEC50 和 pKi 分别为 7.60 和 8.08。
Cas No.:129029-23-8
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >99.50%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Kinase experiment: | The membranes are prepared from frozen HA7 cells. Cells are harvested in ice-cold Tris-HCl pH 7.4, homogenized and centrifuged at 40 000×g, 4°C for 10 min. The pellet is suspended in the same buffer and centrifuged again. After the second centrifugation, the pellet is suspended in an assay buffer consisting of pargyline (10 μM) and CaCl2 (4 mM) in Tris-HCl (50 mM, pH 7.4). Membrane protein, 0.031-0.084 mg/tube, is incubated with [3H] 8-OH-DPAT (1 nM final concentration) and Ocaperidone at seven concentrations, for 30 min, room temperature. The reaction is terminated by filtration through Whatman filters, and radioactivity is counted by liquid scintillation spectrometry. The experiments are performed in triplicate. Data are analyzed using the non-linear curve fitting program EBDA/LIGAND. Results expressed as pKi values are means of three determinations[3]. |
Animal experiment: | Rats[1]Male Wistar rats (200 g) are treated subcutaneously with various dosages (0.01-10 or 2.5-40 mg/kg) of Ocaperidone dissolved in saline (injection of 1 mL of drug solution/100 g of body weight) or with saline (control); 1 hr thereafter the rats receive 1 μg/kg (5-10 μCi) [3H]spiperone by intravenous injection in the tail vein. The rats are sacrificed by decapitation 1 hr after the [3H]spiperone injection; the striatum, the nucleus accumbens, the tuberculum olfactorium, the frontal cortex, and the cerebellum are immediately dissected. The tissues are cooled on ice, weighed, and dissolved in 10 mL of Instagel II, in plastic counting vials. After 48 hr the radioactivity is counted; data are expressed in dpm, using external standard counting and referring to a quenched standard curve. The counted radioactivity is converted to pg of [3H]spiperone/mg of tissue. Four to six animals are treated at each drug dosage. For each drug and brain area, the values are averaged and graphically plotted versus the logarithm of the drug dosages. On each graph, values measured in the cerebellum are plotted; labeling in the cerebellum is taken as an indication of nonspecific tissue labeling[1]. |
References: [1]. Leysen JE, et al. In vitro and in vivo receptor binding and effects on monoamine turnover in rat brain regions of the novel antipsychotics risperidone and ocaperidone. Mol Pharmacol. 1992 Mar;41(3):494-508. | |
Ocaperidone is an effective antipsychotic agent, acting as a potent 5-HT2 and dopamine D2 antagonist, and a 5-HT1A agonist, with Kis of 0.14 nM, 0.46 nM, 0.75 nM, 1.6 nM and 5.4 nM for 5-HT2, a1-adrenergic receptor, dopamine D2, histamine H1 and a2-adrenergic receptor, respectively, and a pEC50 and pKi of 7.60 and 8.08 for h5-HT1A.
Ocaperidone has high affinify at 5-HT2 and dopamine D2, with Kis of 0.14 nM, 0.46 nM, 0.75 nM, 1.6 nM and 5.4 nM for 5HT2, a1-adrenergic, dopamine D2, histamine H1 and a2-adrenergic, respectively[1]. Ocaperidone shows 5-HT1A receptor agonist activity, with a pEC50 and pKi of 7.60 and 8.08[2].
Ocaperidone shows a potent occupation of 5HT2 receptor via in vivo binding in the frontal cortex of rats with an ED50 of 0.04 mg/kg, and 0.1 4-0.1 6 mg/kg for D2 receptor in the striatum and the nucleus accumbens[1]. Ocaperidone (R 79598) antagonizes dopamine D2 and 5-HT2, and shows a a partial generalization to buspirone with an ED50 of 0.163 mg/kg[3].
[1]. Leysen JE, et al. In vitro and in vivo receptor binding and effects on monoamine turnover in rat brain regions of the novel antipsychotics risperidone and ocaperidone. Mol Pharmacol. 1992 Mar;41(3):494-508. [2]. Cosi C, et al. Agonist, antagonist, and inverse agonist properties of antipsychotics at human recombinant 5-HT(1A) receptors expressed in HeLa cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001 Dec 14;433(1):55-62. [3]. Rijnders HJ, et al. The discriminative stimulus properties of buspirone involve dopamine-2 receptor antagonist activity. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1993;111(1):55-61.
| Cas No. | 129029-23-8 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 奥卡哌酮,R79598 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C1C(CCN2CCC(C3=NOC4=C3C=CC(F)=C4)CC2)=C(C)N=C5N1C=CC=C5C | ||
| 分子式 | C24H25FN4O2 | 分子量 | 420.48 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 16.67 mg/mL (39.65 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.3782 mL | 11.8912 mL | 23.7823 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4756 mL | 2.3782 mL | 4.7565 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2378 mL | 1.1891 mL | 2.3782 mL |
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Pharmacological profile of the new potent neuroleptic ocaperidone (R 79,598)
Ocaperidone, a new benzisoxazolyl piperidine neuroleptic, was compared with haloperidol, risperidone and ritanserin in a large series of pharmacological tests. Ocaperidone inhibited dopamine agonist (apomorphine, amphetamine or cocaine)-induced behavioral effects at low doses (0.014-0.042 mg/kg) and was, thereby, equipotent with haloperidol (0.016-0.024 mg/kg) and 2.0 to 8.3 times more potent than risperidone. Ocaperidone completely blocked the dopamine agonist behavior at slightly higher doses (0.064 mg/kg) and was, thereby, more potent and efficacious than haloperidol (0.097-0.13 mg/kg) and risperidone (0.59-1.17 mg/kg). The dissociation between inhibition of apomorphine behavior and induction of catalepsy was as high for ocaperidone (22) as for risperidone (20) and higher than for haloperidol (8), suggesting risperidone-like low extrapyramidal side effect liability. Ocaperidone also antagonized serotonin agonist (tryptamine, mescaline or 5-hydroxytryptophan)-induced behavioral effects (0.011-0.064 mg/kg) and was, thereby, equipotent with risperidone (0.014-0.056 mg/kg) and at least as potent as ritanserin (0.037-0.13 mg/kg). Ocaperidone displayed its serotonin and dopamine antagonism at the same dose levels, in contrast to risperidone, which was a predominant serotonin antagonist. Apart from protection from compound 48/80 lethality (0.042 mg/kg) and norepinephrine lethality (0.097 mg/kg), which were not considered to hinder its clinical application, no additional secondary effects were observed at low doses of ocaperidone. In the apomorphine test in dogs, ocaperidone was very potent (i.v., s.c. and p.o. ED50 values: less than 1.0 micrograms/kg) and showed a rapid onset (less than 0.5 h) and long duration of action (24 h) after p.o. administration. Ocaperidone is concluded to be a highly potent and efficacious dopamine-D2 antagonist with concomitant, equivalent serotonin 5-HT2 antagonism. Ocaperidone is expected to exert pronounced haloperidol-like effects on the positive symptoms of schizophrenic patients but with risperidone-like low extrapyramidal side effect liability and improved patient compliance.
In vitro and in vivo receptor binding and effects on monoamine turnover in rat brain regions of the novel antipsychotics risperidone and ocaperidone
Risperidone and ocaperidone are new benzisoxazol antipsychotics with particularly beneficial effects in schizophrenia. We report a comprehensive study on the in vitro and in vivo receptor binding profile of the new compounds, compared with haloperidol, and on the drug effects on monoamine and metabolite levels in various brain areas. The in vitro receptor binding and monoamine uptake inhibition profiles, comprising 29 receptors and four monoamine uptake systems, revealed that ocaperidone and risperidone bound primarily, and with the highest affinity thus far reported, to serotonin 5HT2 receptors (Ki values of 0.14 and 0.12 nM, respectively). Further, the drugs bound at nanomolar concentrations to the following receptors (Ki values, in nM, for ocaperidone and risperidone, respectively): alpha 1-adrenergic (0.46 and 0.81), dopamine D2 (0.75 and 3.0), histamine H1 (1.6 and 2.1), and alpha 2-adrenergic (5.4 and 7.3). In contrast, haloperidol showed nanomolar affinity for D2 receptors (1.55) and haloperidol-sensitive sigma sites (0.84) only. The in vitro binding affinity of ocaperidone, risperidone, and haloperidol for D2 receptors was exactly the same when measured in membranes from rat striatum, nucleus accumbens, tuberculum olfactorium, and human kidney cells expressing the cloned human D2 receptor (long form). In vivo binding in rats, using intravenous administration of [3H]spiperone, revealed very potent occupation by ocaperidone and risperidone of 5HT2 receptors in the frontal cortex (ED50 of 0.04-0.03 mg/kg); in this respect, they were 6, 30, and 100 times more potent than ritanserin, haloperidol, and clozapine, respectively. Ocaperidone occupied D2 receptors in the striatum and the nucleus accumbens with similar potency as did haloperidol (ED50 of 0.14-0.16 mg/kg). Risperidone revealed biphasic inhibition curves in the latter brain areas, indicating that [3H] spiperone labeled both 5HT2 receptors (occupied by risperidone at less than 0.04 mg/kg) and D2 receptors (risperidone ED50 of approximately 1 mg/kg). In the tuberculum olfactorium, 5HT2 and D2 receptors were also distinguished with risperidone. The ED50 values for occupation of the latter were for ocaperidone and risperidone 2 times lower and for haloperidol 2 times higher than in the striatum. Ocaperidone, risperidone, and haloperidol readily increased the levels of the dopamine metabolites 3,4-dihydroxybenzene acetic acid and homovanillic acid in the striatum, the nucleus accumbens, the tuberculum olfactorium, and, to some extent, the frontal cortex. Dose-response curve shapes were markedly different; with ocaperidone maximal levels were reached at 0.16 mg/kg and maintained to 10 mg/kg; with risperidone the levels tended to increase continuously up to 10 mg/kg. Haloperidol produced dome-shaped curves (maximum at 0.16-0.63 mg/kg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Blinded prospective evaluation of computer-based mechanistic schizophrenia disease model for predicting drug response
The tremendous advances in understanding the neurobiological circuits involved in schizophrenia have not translated into more effective treatments. An alternative strategy is to use a recently published 'Quantitative Systems Pharmacology' computer-based mechanistic disease model of cortical/subcortical and striatal circuits based upon preclinical physiology, human pathology and pharmacology. The physiology of 27 relevant dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, norepinephrine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate-mediated targets is calibrated using retrospective clinical data on 24 different antipsychotics. The model was challenged to predict quantitatively the clinical outcome in a blinded fashion of two experimental antipsychotic drugs; JNJ37822681, a highly selective low-affinity dopamine D(2) antagonist and ocaperidone, a very high affinity dopamine D(2) antagonist, using only pharmacology and human positron emission tomography (PET) imaging data. The model correctly predicted the lower performance of JNJ37822681 on the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) total score and the higher extra-pyramidal symptom (EPS) liability compared to olanzapine and the relative performance of ocaperidone against olanzapine, but did not predict the absolute PANSS total score outcome and EPS liability for ocaperidone, possibly due to placebo responses and EPS assessment methods. Because of its virtual nature, this modeling approach can support central nervous system research and development by accounting for unique human drug properties, such as human metabolites, exposure, genotypes and off-target effects and can be a helpful tool for drug discovery and development.
Behavioral disinhibition and depression in amphetaminized rats: a comparison of risperidone, ocaperidone and haloperidol
The mixed serotonin-2/dopamine-D2 antagonists risperidone and ocaperidone were compared with the specific D2 antagonist haloperidol for their ability to antagonize amphetamine (10 mg/kg, s.c.)-induced stereotypy in rats. Four successive stages of amphetamine antagonism were differentiated: 1) disinhibition: reversal of stationary stereotypy into the hyperactivity normally observed with lower doses of amphetamine; 2) inhibition: the first significant reduction of activity; 3) normalization: reduction of activity to the level of nonamphetaminized rats; and 4) suppression: reduction of activity to 50% of the level of nonamphetaminized rats. Ocaperidone and risperidone were equipotent with haloperidol for disinhibition (0.0062-0.011 mg/kg). However, the disinhibition was maintained over a wider dose range with risperidone (factor 84) than with haloperidol (9.0) and ocaperidone (4.1) and was also more pronounced in magnitude with risperidone. Ocaperidone was equipotent with haloperidol for inhibition (0.013-0.025 mg/kg) and normalization (0.074-0.080 mg/kg) but 4.4 times less potent for suppression of activity (0.71 vs. 0.16 mg/kg). Risperidone became progressively less potent than haloperidol: 4.4 times for inhibition, 9.6 times for normalization and 22 times for suppression of activity. The present data are consistent with the hypothesis that serotonin-2 antagonism compensates for the functional consequences of D2 receptor blockade. The implications for the clinical application of the compounds are discussed.
Reconstitution of the human 5-HT(1D) receptor-G-protein coupling: evidence for constitutive activity and multiple receptor conformations
The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 1D/1B receptors have gained particular interest as potential targets for treatment of migraine and depression. G-protein coupling and other intrinsic properties of the human 5-HT(1D) receptor were studied using a baculovirus-based expression system in Sf9 cells. Coexpression of the human 5-HT(1D) receptor with Galpha(i1), alpha(i2), alpha(i3), or Galpha(o)-proteins and Gbeta(1)gamma(2)-subunits reconstituted a Gpp(NH)p-sensitive, high affinity binding of [(3)H]5-HT to this receptor, whereas the Galpha(q)beta(1)gamma(2) heterotrimer was ineffective in this respect. Competition of [(3)H]5-HT binding by various compounds confirmed that coexpression of the human 5-HT(1D) receptor with Galpha(i/o)beta(1)gamma(2) reconstitutes the receptor in a high affinity agonist binding state, having the same pharmacological profile as the receptor expressed in mammalian cells. Binding of the antagonist ocaperidone to the human 5-HT(1D) receptor in coupled or noncoupled state was analyzed. This compound competed with [(3)H]5-HT binding more potently on the human 5-HT(1D) receptor in the noncoupled state, showing its inverse agonistic character. Ocaperidone acted as a competitive inhibitor of [(3)H]5-HT binding when tested with the coupled receptor form but not so when tested with the noncoupled receptor preparation. Finally, [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding experiments using the inverse agonist ocaperidone revealed a high level of constitutive activity of the human 5-HT(1D) receptor. Taken together, the reconstitution of the human 5-HT(1D) receptor-G-protein coupling using baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells made possible the assessment of coupling specificity and the detection of different binding states of the receptor induced by G-protein coupling or ligand binding.