Ofatumumab
(Synonyms: 奥法木单抗,Arzerra) 目录号 : GC65498Ofatumumab (Arzerra) 是一种全人类抗 CD20 单克隆抗体,在表达 CD20 的 B 淋巴细胞中诱导抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性和补体依赖性细胞毒性。
Cas No.:679818-59-8
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Ofatumumab (Arzerra) is a fully human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity in CD20-expressing B lymphocytes[1].
[1]. Sanford M, McCormack PL. Ofatumumab. Drugs. 2010;70(8):1013-1019.
Cas No. | 679818-59-8 | SDF | Download SDF |
别名 | 奥法木单抗,Arzerra | ||
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Ofatumumab versus Teriflunomide in Multiple Sclerosis
N Engl J Med 2020 Aug 6;383(6):546-557.PMID:32757523DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1917246.
Background: Ofatumumab, a subcutaneous anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, selectively depletes B cells. Teriflunomide, an oral inhibitor of pyrimidine synthesis, reduces T-cell and B-cell activation. The relative effects of these two drugs in patients with multiple sclerosis are not known. Methods: In two double-blind, double-dummy, phase 3 trials, we randomly assigned patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis to receive subcutaneous Ofatumumab (20 mg every 4 weeks after 20-mg loading doses at days 1, 7, and 14) or oral teriflunomide (14 mg daily) for up to 30 months. The primary end point was the annualized relapse rate. Secondary end points included disability worsening confirmed at 3 months or 6 months, disability improvement confirmed at 6 months, the number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions per T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, the annualized rate of new or enlarging lesions on T2-weighted MRI, serum neurofilament light chain levels at month 3, and change in brain volume. Results: Overall, 946 patients were assigned to receive Ofatumumab and 936 to receive teriflunomide; the median follow-up was 1.6 years. The annualized relapse rates in the Ofatumumab and teriflunomide groups were 0.11 and 0.22, respectively, in trial 1 (difference, -0.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.16 to -0.06; P<0.001) and 0.10 and 0.25 in trial 2 (difference, -0.15; 95% CI, -0.20 to -0.09; P<0.001). In the pooled trials, the percentage of patients with disability worsening confirmed at 3 months was 10.9% with Ofatumumab and 15.0% with teriflunomide (hazard ratio, 0.66; P = 0.002); the percentage with disability worsening confirmed at 6 months was 8.1% and 12.0%, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.68; P = 0.01); and the percentage with disability improvement confirmed at 6 months was 11.0% and 8.1% (hazard ratio, 1.35; P = 0.09). The number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions per T1-weighted MRI scan, the annualized rate of lesions on T2-weighted MRI, and serum neurofilament light chain levels, but not the change in brain volume, were in the same direction as the primary end point. Injection-related reactions occurred in 20.2% in the Ofatumumab group and in 15.0% in the teriflunomide group (placebo injections). Serious infections occurred in 2.5% and 1.8% of the patients in the respective groups. Conclusions: Among patients with multiple sclerosis, Ofatumumab was associated with lower annualized relapse rates than teriflunomide. (Funded by Novartis; ASCLEPIOS I and II ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT02792218 and NCT02792231.).
Efficacy and safety of Ofatumumab in recently diagnosed, treatment-naive patients with multiple sclerosis: Results from ASCLEPIOS I and II
Mult Scler 2022 Sep;28(10):1562-1575.PMID:35266417DOI:10.1177/13524585221078825.
Background: In the phase III ASCLEPIOS I and II trials, participants with relapsing multiple sclerosis receiving Ofatumumab had significantly better clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes than those receiving teriflunomide. Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of Ofatumumab versus teriflunomide in recently diagnosed, treatment-naive (RDTN) participants from ASCLEPIOS. Methods: Participants were randomized to receive Ofatumumab (20 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks) or teriflunomide (14 mg orally once daily) for up to 30 months. Endpoints analysed post hoc in the protocol-defined RDTN population included annualized relapse rate (ARR), confirmed disability worsening (CDW), progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) and adverse events. Results: Data were analysed from 615 RDTN participants (Ofatumumab: n = 314; teriflunomide: n = 301). Compared with teriflunomide, Ofatumumab reduced ARR by 50% (rate ratio (95% confidence interval (CI)): 0.50 (0.33, 0.74); p < 0.001), and delayed 6-month CDW by 46% (hazard ratio (HR; 95% CI): 0.54 (0.30, 0.98); p = 0.044) and 6-month PIRA by 56% (HR: 0.44 (0.20, 1.00); p = 0.049). Safety findings were manageable and consistent with those of the overall ASCLEPIOS population. Conclusion: The favourable benefit-risk profile of Ofatumumab versus teriflunomide supports its consideration as a first-line therapy in RDTN patients.ASCLEPIOS I and II are registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02792218 and NCT02792231).
Ofatumumab: A Review in Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis
Drugs 2022 Jan;82(1):55-62.PMID:34897575DOI:10.1007/s40265-021-01650-7.
Ofatumumab (Kesimpta®) is a fully human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that can be self-administered by patients and is approved in several countries worldwide for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). In two identical phase III trials in adults with relapsing forms of MS, subcutaneous Ofatumumab was more effective than oral teriflunomide in reducing the annualized relapse rate, as well as reducing MRI-detected lesion activity and limiting worsening of disability. Ofatumumab had a generally manageable tolerability profile; the most common adverse events (AEs) included nasopharyngitis, headache, upper respiratory tract infections and urinary tract infections. AEs of special interest (AESIs) included infections and injection-related reactions, which were generally manageable. There was no apparent association between changes in immunoglobulin G or M levels and the risk of serious infections after 3.5 years of Ofatumumab treatment. Thus, Ofatumumab is a convenient treatment option that is effective and has a generally manageable tolerability profile in adults with relapsing forms of MS.
Comparison of Ofatumumab and other disease-modifying therapies for relapsing multiple sclerosis: a network meta-analysis
J Comp Eff Res 2020 Dec;9(18):1255-1274.PMID:33090003DOI:10.2217/cer-2020-0122.
Aim: To compare the efficacy of Ofatumumab to other disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS). Materials & methods: A network meta-analysis was conducted to determine the relative effect of Ofatumumab on annualized relapse rate and confirmed disability progression at 3 months and 6 months. Results: For each outcome, Ofatumumab was as effective as other highly efficacious monoclonal antibody DMTs (i.e., alemtuzumab, natalizumab and ocrelizumab). Conclusion: Ofatumumab offers beneficial outcomes for RMS by reducing relapse and disability progression risk.
Safety experience with continued exposure to Ofatumumab in patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis for up to 3.5 years
Mult Scler 2022 Sep;28(10):1576-1590.PMID:35229668DOI:10.1177/13524585221079731.
Background: Ofatumumab is approved for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS). Ongoing safety reporting is crucial to understand its long-term benefit-risk profile. Objective: Report the safety and tolerability of Ofatumumab in RMS after extended treatment up to 3.5 years. Methods: Patients completing ASCLEPIOS I/II (phase 3), APLIOS, or APOLITOS (phase 2) trials could enter ALITHIOS, a phase 3b, open-label, long-term safety study. We analyzed cumulative data of continuous Ofatumumab treatment and of patients newly switched from teriflunomide. Results: The safety population had 1969 patients: 1292 continuously treated with Ofatumumab (median time-at-risk 35.5 months, 3253 patient-years) and 677 newly switched (median time-at-risk 18.3 months, 986 patient-years). A total of 1650 patients (83.8%) had ⩾1 adverse events and 191 (9.7%) had ⩾1 serious adverse events. No opportunistic infections or progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy events were identified; the risk of malignancies was low. Mean serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G levels remained stable. Mean IgM levels decreased but remained above the lower limit of normal in most. Serious infection incidence was low; decreased Ig levels were not associated with serious infections. Conclusion: In patients with up to 3.5 years' exposure, Ofatumumab was well tolerated, with no new safety risks identified. These findings, with its established effectiveness, support a favorable benefit-risk profile of Ofatumumab in RMS.