Phosphatidylethanolamines (bovine)
(Synonyms: 磷酯酰乙醇胺) 目录号 : GC44631
Phosphatidylethanolamines (bovine)是真核细胞中第二丰富的甘油磷脂，占哺乳动物细胞总磷脂的15% - 25%。
Cas No.:90989-93-8
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
Phosphatidylethanolamines (bovine) are the second most abundant glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, comprising 15 - 25% of total phospholipids in mammalian cells[1]. Phosphatidylethanolamines are multifunctional phospholipids required for mammalian development and are essential for a variety of cellular processes. These include serving as a precursor for phosphatidylcholine, acting as a substrate for important post-translational modifications, influencing membrane topology, promoting cell and organelle membrane fusion, supporting oxidative phosphorylation, facilitating mitochondrial biogenesis, and enhancing autophagy[2]. It was commonly used in studies related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and the virulence of certain pathogenic organisms[2].
Phosphatidylethanolamines (50μM, 96h) containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) enhanced cell differentiation and growth inhibition of HL-60 induced by dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP)[3]. Phosphatidylethanolamines (0.25 - 1mmol/L, 24 - 72h) inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner[4]. Additionally, phosphatidylethanolamines (0.25 - 1mmol/L, 6 - 24h) up-regulated the expression of Bax and down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 in HepG2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner[4].
Phosphatidylethanolamines (375mg/kg, i.p.) significantly inhibited food intake and locomotor activity in N-palmitoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolysing phospholipase D knockout (NAPE-PLD−/−) mice model[5]. Phosphatidylethanolamines (2g added to 8g soybean oil, 15 - 18 days, ad libitum p.o.) caused a decrease in serum cholesterol, phospholipid, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and apoE, and an increase in high molecular weight apoB. Additionally, they altered the distribution patterns of phospholipid subclasses in the liver and fatty acid composition of hepatic and plasma phospholipids in rats[6].
References:
[1] Patel D, Witt SN. Ethanolamine and Phosphatidylethanolamine: Partners in Health and Disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:4829180.
[2] Calzada E, Onguka O, Claypool SM. Phosphatidylethanolamine Metabolism in Health and Disease. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2016;321:29-88.
[3] Ishigamori H, Hosokawa M, Kohno H, et al. Docosahexaenoic acid-containing phosphatidylethanolamine enhances HL-60 cell differentiation by regulation of c-jun and c-myc expression. Mol Cell Biochem. 2005;275(1-2):127-133.
[4] Yao Y, Huang C, Li ZF, et al. Exogenous phosphatidylethanolamine induces apoptosis of human hepatoma HepG2 cells via the bcl-2/Bax pathway. World J Gastroenterol. 2009;15(14):1751-1758.
[5] Wellner N, Tsuboi K, Madsen AN, et al. Studies on the anorectic effect of N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylethanolamine in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011;1811(9):508-512.
[6] Imaizumi K, Mawatari K, Murata M, et al. The contrasting effect of dietary phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine on serum lipoproteins and liver lipids in rats. J Nutr. 1983;113(12):2403-2411.
Phosphatidylethanolamines (bovine)是真核细胞中第二丰富的甘油磷脂，占哺乳动物细胞总磷脂的15% - 25%[1]。Phosphatidylethanolamines是一种多功能磷脂，对哺乳动物的发育至关重要，并且在多种细胞过程中发挥着必不可少的作用。这些作用包括作为磷脂酰胆碱的前体物质、作为重要翻译后修饰的底物、影响膜的拓扑结构、促进细胞和细胞器膜的融合、支持氧化磷酸化、促进线粒体的生物合成以及增强自噬作用[2]。它常用于与阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）、非酒精性脂肪肝病（NAFLD）以及某些病原体的毒力相关的研究[2]。
Phosphatidylethanolamines（50μM，96h）联合二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）可增强由双丁酰环磷腺苷（dbcAMP）诱导的HL-60细胞的分化和生长抑制[3]。Phosphatidylethanolamines（0.25 - 1mmol/L，24 - 72小时）以剂量和时间依赖的方式抑制了HepG2细胞的生长[4]。此外，Phosphatidylethanolamines（0.25 - 1mmol/L，6 - 24小时）以剂量和时间依赖的方式上调了HepG2细胞中Bax的表达，并下调了Bcl-2的表达[4]。
Phosphatidylethanolamines（375mg/kg，腹腔注射）显著抑制了N-棕榈酰磷脂酰乙醇胺水解磷脂酶D敲除（NAPE-PLD−/−）小鼠模型的食物摄入和运动活动[5]。Phosphatidylethanolamines（2g添加到8g大豆油中，自由口服，15 - 18天）导致大鼠血清胆固醇、磷脂、载脂蛋白A-I（apoA-I）和载脂蛋白E（apoE）水平降低，同时使高分子量载脂蛋白B（apoB）水平升高。此外，它还改变了大鼠肝脏中磷脂亚类的分布模式以及肝脏和血浆磷脂的脂肪酸组成[6]。
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | Human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell line |
Preparation Method | Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assay NBT reduction assay was employed as an indicator of HL-60 cell differentiation. HL-60 cells were preincubated for 24h in cultured medium with 50µM 18:1/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) - Phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) and then dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP) was added into cultured medium. After incubation for an additional 72h, cells were separated from the medium by centrifugation at 500×g for 5min followed by rinsing 3 times with PBS. The cells were suspended in 0.5ml of NBT solution containing 2mg/ml of NBT and 200ng/ml PMA in PBS, then were incubated for 30min at 37℃. The cells were washed with aliquots of PBS and resuspended in 0.1ml PBS. Undifferentiated HL-60 cells do not produce superoxide anions (O2−), but when differentiated, HL-60 cells start to produce O2− and form blue-black formazan deposits by reducing the NBT reagent. For each determination, at least 200 cells were counted using a hematocytometer. The number of NBT-positive cells containing intracellular formazan deposits was expressed as a percentage of viable cell number. Determination of cell growth HL-60 cells were seeded at a density of 5×104 cells/ml and were preincubated in cultured medium with 50µM 18:1/DHA-PE for 24h. Then, dbcAMP was added to the medium and incubated for an additional 72h. Viable cell number was determined by trypan blue dye exclusion method. |
Reaction Conditions | 50μM, 96h |
Applications | Phosphatidylethanolamines containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) enhanced cell differentiation and growth inhibition of HL-60 induced by dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP). |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | N-palmitoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolysing phospholipase D knockout (NAPE-PLD−/−) mouse model |
Preparation Method | Food intake studies in wild-type mice All mice had free access to standard chow and tap water, and were housed in single cages. They were randomized for treatment according to their average food intake over a 3-day period of baseline measurements. Prior to the studies, all animals were kept in habituation cages for a minimum of 7 days, adapting them to the feeding system. Before the experiments, animals were sham injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) thrice to accustom them to the experimental procedure, twice with saline. Half an hour before lights out, mice were i.p. injected with 400μl vehicle (10% Tween 80/polyethylenglycol 1:1 in saline), 500mg/kg N-palmitoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE), 485mg/kg (1,2-dihexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-N-palmitoylethanolamine (De-NAPE), 375mg/kg Phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), 350mg/kg phosphatidic acid (PA) or 395mg/kg phosphatidylcholine (PC). Solutions were prepared by adding Tween 80/polyethylenglycol mixture to PE, De-NAPE or NAPE, stirring, adding saline solution, and sonicating. Food intake, water intake and locomotor activity were measured for 12h. Metabolic parameters such as oxygen consumption rate (VO2: ml/h/kg), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and activity (beam breaks) weremeasured using a sixteen-chamber indirect calorimetry system. Mice had free access to food and water while in the chambers. Food intake studies in NAPE-hydrolysing phospholipase D knockout (NAPE-PLD−/−) mice At 5:30 p.m., ad libitum fed mice were i.p. injected with 200μl of vehicle (10% Tween 80 in saline) or 200mg/kg body weight of PE or NAPE in the vehicle solution. Solutions were prepared as described earlier. Immediately after the administration, the mice were placed in individual cages, and allowed free access to water, and were fed via feeding equipments with dome-type covers. The amount of powder feed consumed was measured at 16h after the administration. |
Dosage form | 375mg/kg, i.p. |
Applications | Phosphatidylethanolamines significantly inhibited food intake and locomotor activity in mice. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 90989-93-8 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 磷酯酰乙醇胺 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=P([O-])(OCC[NH3+])OC[C@@H](COC([R1])=O)OC([R2])=O | ||
| 分子式 | C41H78NO8P (for oleoyl) | 分子量 | 744 |
| 溶解度 | 65mg/ml in Chloroform | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
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| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.3441 mL | 6.7204 mL | 13.4409 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2688 mL | 1.3441 mL | 2.6882 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1344 mL | 0.672 mL | 1.3441 mL |
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| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
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| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
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工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
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2.
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