Pipecuronium bromide
(Synonyms: 哌库溴铵) 目录号 : GC38938
Pipecuronium bromide 是一种有效的长效非去极化甾体神经肌肉阻滞剂 (NMBA)，是一种双季铵化合物。Pipecuronium bromide 是一种功能强大的竞争性 nAChR 拮抗剂，Kd 为 3.06 μM。
Cas No.:52212-02-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Pipecuronium bromide is a potent long-acting nondepolarizing steroidal neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA), and a bisquaternary ammonium compound. Pipecuronium bromide is a powerful competitive nAChR antagonist with a Kd of 3.06 μM[1][2][3][4][5].
Sugammadex has a high affinity for Pipecuronium bromide. As Pipecuronium bromide is about 6 to 7 times more potent than Rocuronium, fewer molecules are required to achieve a comparative blockade than in the case of Rocuronium[1].
The average ED95 is 0.045mg/kg (0.035-0.059 mg/kg) of Pipecuronium bromide, the onset of action varies between 2 and 6.3 minutes, depending on the dose and the background anesthesia. Pipecuronium bromide does not liberate histamine, it has no cardiovascular side effects even in doses of 3× ED95, and anaphylaxis does not appear to be a problem[2].Carboxymethylated γ-cyclodextrin shows efficient and complete reversal of the Pipecuronium bromide induced neuromuscular block in an ex vivo rat diaphragm experiment[3].
[1]. Tassonyi E, et al. Reversal of Pipecuronium-Induced Moderate Neuromuscular Block with Sugammadex in the Presence of a Sevoflurane Anesthetic: A Randomized Trial. Anesth Analg. 2015 Aug;121(2):373-80. [2]. Tassonyi E, et al. Reversal of Deep Pipecuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Block With Moderate Versus Standard Dose of Sugammadex: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Noninferiority Trial. Anesth Analg. 2018 Dec;127(6):1344-1350. [3]. AlÁnt O, et al. First clinical experience with a new neuromuscular blocker pipecurium bromide. Arzneimittelforschung. 1980;30(2a):374-9. [4]. TÖrÖcsik A, et al. Characterization of somatodendritic neuronal nicotinic receptors located on the myenteric plexus. Eur J Pharmacol. 1991 Sep 24;202(3):297-302. [5]. KÁrpÁti E, et al. Investigation of neuromuscular blocking agents at Richter Ltd. Acta Pharm Hung. 2002;72(1):37-48.
| Cas No. | 52212-02-9 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 哌库溴铵 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | C[C@@]1([C@H]2OC(C)=O)[C@](C[C@@H]2N3CC[N+](C)(C)CC3)([H])[C@@](CC[C@]4([H])[C@@]5(C[C@H](N6CC[N+](C)(C)CC6)[C@@H](OC(C)=O)C4)C)([H])[C@]5([H])CC1.[Br-].[Br-] | ||
| 分子式 | C35H62Br2N4O4 | 分子量 | 762.7 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 150 mg/mL (196.67 mM; Need ultrasonic); H2O : 100 mg/mL (131.11 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.3111 mL | 6.5557 mL | 13.1113 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2622 mL | 1.3111 mL | 2.6223 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1311 mL | 0.6556 mL | 1.3111 mL |
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动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
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DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
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2.
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Clinical pharmacology of Pipecuronium bromide
Anesth Analg 1989 Jun;68(6):734-9.PMID:2544118doi
The neuromuscular blocking and cardiovascular effects of pipecuronium, in doses ranging 2-3 times its ED95, were evaluated in 46 patients during thiopental, fentanyl, N2O/O2 anesthesia. The neuromuscular blocking effect of pipecuronium was evaluated by recording of the mechanical twitch of the adductor pollicis muscle in response to stimulation of the ulnar nerve at the wrist. Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and cardiac output were non-invasively measured during the onset of the neuromuscular blockade and compared to a saline control group to separate the effect of anesthesia from those of pipecuronium. The mean +/- SD time from administration of pipecuronium to 90% suppression of the first twitch (T1) of the train-of-four was 2.6 +/- 0.8, 2.0 +/- 0.6, and 2.1 +/- 0.6 min following the 70 micrograms/kg, 85 micrograms/kg, and 100 micrograms/kg dose, respectively. There was no significant difference between the different doses of pipecuronium in the time to 90% suppression of T1. In general, all three doses of pipecuronium provided good to excellent intubating conditions within 3 minutes after its administration. The time from the administration of pipecuronium to 5% recovery of T1 was 52.3 +/- 18.2 min in the group given 70 micrograms/kg. This was significantly longer in patients given 85 micrograms/kg (71.9 +/- 15.7 min) or 100 micrograms/kg (71.8 +/- 22.1 min). Times to the start of recovery of T1 and to 25% recovery of T1 showed a similar significant pattern.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
[Synthesis of a new neuromuscular blocking agent, Pipecuronium bromide (Arduan)]
Acta Pharm Hung 1992 May;62(3):73-81.PMID:1323916doi
A series of bisquaternary ammonio steroids having androstane skeleton have been prepared some of which possessed high neuromuscular blocking activity. One of the series 3 alpha, 17 beta-diacetoxy-2 beta, 16 beta-bis (4,4-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-5 alpha-androstane dibromide (19, Pipecuronium bromide, ARDUAN) has proved to be a clinically useful agent of long duration of action without side effects. The preparation of Pipecuronium bromide and its metabolites and the impurities are also described. The structure of 19 and related compounds was elucidated by spectrometric methods IR, NMR and MS.
Pharmacokinetics and disposition of Pipecuronium bromide in dogs with and without ligated renal pedicles
Anesthesiology 1989 Dec;71(6):919-22.PMID:2556065DOI:10.1097/00000542-198912000-00015.
The pharmacokinetics of Pipecuronium bromide have been studied in anesthetized beagle dogs with and without ligated renal pedicles. A gas chromatographic assay was used to measure the plasma, urine, bile concentrations, and liver content of pipecuronium, the later of which was obtained 8 h after injection. Following an iv bolus injection of 0.1 mg/kg, pipecuronium disappeared from the plasma exponentially with distribution half-lives of 3.9 +/- 1.1 min and 12.7 +/- 9.5 min (mean +/- SD), and elimination half-lives of 44.8 +/- 2.6 min and 196.7 +/- 102.0 min in animals with and without renal pedicle ligation, respectively. Except for the volume of central compartment, all other pharmacokinetic variables differed significantly between the two experimental groups. The elimination half-life was longer (196.7 +/- 102 (SD) vs. 44.8 +/- 2.6 min), plasma clearance slower (5.9 +/- 0.8 ml.kg-1.min-1 vs. 0.9 +/- 0.1 ml.kg-1.min-1) and mean residence time longer (221 +/- 73 vs. 51.1 +/- 1.8 min) in dogs with ligated renal pedicles. Eight hours after injection, the recovery of the parent form of pipecuronium approximated 77% of the administered dose in the urine, 4.5% in the bile, and 3.3% in the liver of normal animals. In animals with ligated renal pedicles 16% of the unchanged pipecuronium was excreted into the bile and 10% of the administered dose was recovered from the liver. Since the total recovery of unaltered pipecuronium approximated 85% of the administered dose in the intact animals, biotransformation seems to play an insignificant role in disposition of this new neuromuscular blocking drug.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
[Pharmacologic effects of Pipecuronium bromide (Arduan)]
Acta Pharm Hung 1992 May;62(3):121-6.PMID:1323913doi
The experimental results in animals suggest that Pipecuronium bromide offers the possibility of a neuromuscular blocking agent without side effects for surgical procedures of long duration. Its mechanism of action is twofold: 1. antagonism of acetylcholine effect at neuromuscular junction (postsynaptic nicotine receptors), 2. inhibition of acetylcholine release (presynaptic nicotine receptors). Its neuromuscular blocking potency is somewhat greater (2.0-3.0) than that of pancuronium in all species studied, and the duration of action is twice of that. It has no remarkable cumulative effect. Neostigmine rapidly and completely antagonises the neuromuscular blockade caused by pipecuronium. Certain structural properties (e.g. pipecuronium has no acetylcholine-like fragments in contrast with pancuronium and the interonium distance is also considerably larger than in pancuronium) may predict advantages. This has been proved by low vagal blocking--and ganglion--blocking potencies. On the basis of these a wide margin of safety can be expected in humans as well in preventing cardiovascular side effects. Pipecuronium is also characterized by interactions--only slight interactions--with other drugs used mainly in perioperative period.
Pharmacokinetics and cardiovascular dynamics of Pipecuronium bromide during coronary artery surgery
Can J Anaesth 1990 Mar;37(2):183-91.PMID:2155718DOI:10.1007/BF03005467.
The haemodynamic effects of 200 micrograms.kg-1 pipecuronium and pancuronium were compared under etomidate/piritramide anaesthesia in 20 patients scheduled for elective coronary artery surgery. Following the completion of the haemodynamic measurements (ten minutes), anaesthesia was maintained by etomidate/sufentanil infusion. The mean changes in cardiac output were approximately -19 and -2 per cent and in heart rate -1 and +26 per cent for pipecuronium and pancuronium respectively. Plasma and urine concentrations of pipecuronium were also measured and the pharmacokinetic variables obtained indicated rapid initial decrease in plasma concentration (t1/2 = 7.6 minutes) followed by a longer terminal phase (t1/2 = 161 minutes). The central compartment volume was 102 +/- 24 ml.kg-1 and plasma clearance was 1.8 +/- 0.4 ml.kg-1 min-1. Approximately 56 per cent of the dose was recovered from the urine within 24 hours of administration and about 25 per cent of this was the metabolite, 3-desacetyl pipecuronium. High-dose pipecuronium administration under the anaesthetic regimen employed did not produce deleterious haemodynamic effects. The pharmacokinetic variables after bolus injection of pipecuronium did not deviate from those reported under normothermic conditions.