Podophyllotoxin-d6

Podophyllotoxin-d₆ is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of podophyllotoxin and picropodophyllotoxin by GC- or LC-MS. Podophyllotoxin is a lignan that has been found in Podophyllum and has diverse biological activities.^1,2,3,4,5 It inhibits polymerization of isolated chicken brain tubulin (IC₅₀ = 0.6 µM) and induces mitotic arrest at the G₂/M phase in CCRF CEM lymphoblastic leukemia cells when used at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 5 µg/ml.^2,3 Podophyllotoxin (5 µM) is protective against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection in Vero cells.⁴ It inhibits the proliferation of several diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell lines (IC₅₀s = 0.0098-0.017 µM).⁵ Podophyllotoxin is a starting material in the semisynthesis of the anticancer compounds etoposide and teniposide .⁶ Formulations containing podophyllotoxin have been used in the treatment of external genital warts.

1.Imbert, T.F.Discovery of podophyllotoxinsBiochimie80(3)207-222(1998) 2.Loike, J.D., Brewer, C.F., Sternlicht, H., et al.Structure-activity study of the inhibition of microtubule assembly in vitro by podophyllotoxin and its congenersCancer Res.38(9)2688-2693(1978) 3.Krishan, A., Paika, K., and Frei, E., IIICytofluorometric studies on the action of podophyllotoxin and epipodophyllotoxins (VM-26, VP-16-213) on the cell cycle traverse of human lymphoblastsJ. Cell Biol.66(3)521-530(1975) 4.Hammonds, T.R., Denyer, S.P., Jackson, D.E., et al.Studies to show that with podophyllotoxin the early replicative stages of herpes simplex virus type 1 depend upon functional cytoplasmic microtubulesJ. Med. Microbiol.45(3)167-172(1996) 5.StrÖmberg, T., Feng, X., Delforoush, M., et al.Picropodophyllin inhibits proliferation and survival of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cellsMed. Oncol.32(7)188(2015) 6.Xu, H., Lv, M., and Tian, X.A review on hemisynthesis, biosynthesis, biological activities, mode of action, and structure-activity relationship of podophyllotoxins: 2003-2007Curr. Med. Chem.16(3)327-349(2009)