Pristane
(Synonyms: 姥鲛烷, Norphytane) 目录号 : GC64748
Pristane是一种无色无味的液体，主要从鲨鱼肝油等天然来源提取，也作为微量成分存在于各种植物和海洋生物中。
Cas No.:1921-70-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Pristane is a colorless, odorless liquid primarily obtained from natural sources such as shark liver oil and is also found in small quantities in various plants and marine organisms[1]. Pristane is extensively used in medical research for its ability to induce autoimmune diseases in animal models, making it a valuable tool for studying the pathogenesis of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and lupus[4][5][6][7].
In vitro, Pristane treatment (5-400μM) on mouse strain-derived thymus lymphoma BW5147 cells for 48h induced apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner via the mitochondrial pathway proved by the release of cytochrome c[2]. Pristane (1mM) stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) for 6 or 24h induced autophagy in BMMs and upregulated TLR3 expression by activating the STAT1-IRF1 pathway[3].
In vivo, BALB/c mice received a single i.p. injection of 0.5mL Pristane revealed the development of immune complex‐mediated glomerulonephritis, a hallmark of SLE. The autoimmune syndrome induced by Pristane in BALB/c mice resembles idiopathic SLE in humans including the development of anti-nuclear antibodies[4]. 0.5mL Pristane‐injected Swiss Jim Lambert mice developed severe glomerulonephritis characterized by proteinuria, mesangial proliferation, and glomerular immune complex deposits like in BALB/c mice. Unexpectedly, the predominant autoantibodies induced by Pristane in SJL mice were not those associated with Pristane-induced disease in BALB/c mice but, anti-ribosomal P, another lupus-related specificity. The autoantibodies were strongly reactive with the C-terminal 22 amino acids of the ribosomal P2 protein, indicating that they exhibited similar fine specificities to anti-P Abs in human SLE[6]. In contrast, C57BL/6J mice administrated with Pristane (0.5mL) via intraperitoneal injection exhibited milder nephritis, characterized by decreased levels of CD3 and CD4 in total leukocytes with upregulation of CD11b, Ly6G, Ly6C, F4/80, and CD86[6]. LEW rats administrated with 150μl of Pristane with an intradermal injection at the base of the tail developed severe arthritis with a sudden onset 2 to 3 weeks after treatment. By day 122, the clinically affected joints were severely compromised by the erosions and cartilage was almost completely lost[7].
References:
[1] Avigan J, Milne G W A, Highet R J. The occurrence of pristane and phytane in man and animals. 1967 Dec;144(1),0–131.
[2] Calvani N, Caricchio R, Tucci M, et al. Induction of apoptosis by the hydrocarbon oil pristane: implications for pristane-induced lupus. J Immunol. 2005 Oct 1;175(7):4777-82.
[3] Zhu W H, Xu J, Jiang C S, et al. Pristane induces autophagy in macrophages, promoting a STAT1-IRF1-TLR3 pathway and arthritis. Clin Immunol. 2017 Feb:175:56-68.
[4] Satoh M, Kumar A, Kanwar Y S, Reeves W H. Anti-nuclear antibody production and immune-complex glomerulonephritis in BALB/c mice treated with pristane. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1995 Nov 21;92(24):10934-8.
[5] Satoh M, Hamilton KJ, Ajmani AK, et al. Autoantibodies toribosomal P antigens with immune complex glomerulonephritisin SJL mice treated with pristane. J Immunol. 1996;157(7):3200‐3206.
[6] Zhou Y L, Yang B B, Long H J, et al. Immune cell alterations in a pristane-induced lupus model in C57BL/6J mice. Rheumatology & Autoimmunity. 2024 Nov 27. 2767-1410
[7] Vingsbo C, Sahlstrand P, Brun J G, et al. Pristane-induced arthritis in rats: a new model for rheumatoid arthritis with a chronic disease course influenced by both major histocompatibility complex and non-major histocompatibility complex genes. Am J Pathol. 1996 Nov;149(5):1675-83.
Pristane是一种无色无味的液体，主要从鲨鱼肝油等天然来源提取，也作为微量成分存在于各种植物和海洋生物中[1]。Pristane在医学研究中被广泛使用，因为它能诱导动物模型中的自身免疫疾病，使其成为研究类风湿性关节炎（RA）和狼疮等疾病发病机制的宝贵工具[5][6][7]。
在体外实验中，Pristane（5-400μM）处理48小时后，对小鼠品系衍生的胸腺淋巴瘤BW5147细胞诱导了通过线粒体途径释放细胞色素c的时间和剂量依赖性凋亡[2]。Pristane（1mM）刺激骨髓来源的巨噬细胞（BMM）6或24小时，通过激活STAT1-IRF1通路诱导了BMM的自噬并上调了TLR3表达[3]。
在体内实验中，BALB/c小鼠接受单次腹腔注射0.5mL Pristane后，出现了免疫复合物介导的肾小球肾炎，这是系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）的一个标志。由Pristane在BALB/c小鼠中诱导的自身免疫综合征类似于人类特发性SLE，包括抗核抗体的产生[4]。Pristane（0.5mL）注射到瑞士吉姆·兰伯特小鼠中，导致严重的肾小球肾炎，表现为蛋白尿、系膜增生和肾小球免疫复合物沉积，类似于BALB/c小鼠。出乎意料的是，Pristane在SJL小鼠中诱导的主要自身抗体不是与BALB/c小鼠中Pristane诱导疾病相关的抗体，而是抗核糖体P抗体。抗核糖体P抗体强烈反应于核糖体P2蛋白的C端22个氨基酸，表明它们表现出与人类SLE中抗P抗体相似的特异性[5]。相比之下，C57BL/6J小鼠通过腹腔注射0.5毫升Pristane后，表现出较轻的肾炎，特征是总白细胞中CD3和CD4水平降低，而CD11b、Ly6G、Ly6C、F4/80和CD86上调[6]。在尾基部进行皮内注射150微升Pristane的LEW大鼠，在治疗后2到3周内突然出现严重的关节炎。到了第122天，临床受影响的关节因侵蚀而严重受损，软骨几乎完全丧失[7]。
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | marrow-derived macrophages NR8383 cells |
Preparation Method | Bone marrow cell were isolated from DA rats and seeded at the density of 2 × 106/ml in L929-conditioned medium to differentiate into bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) using Cold Spring Harbor Protocols. After 7 days, BMM were stimulated by 1mM Pristane for 6 or 24h, and protein was isolated for gene expression detection. |
Reaction Conditions | 1mM; 6 or 24h |
Applications | Pristane lead to increased expression of both LC3-II and TLR3 and induced autophagy in macrophages. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | C57Bl/10 mice |
Preparation Method | Eight-week-old C57Bl/10 mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of 0.5mL of Pristane. Control mice received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injection. Mice were bled at 2 weeks after Pristane injection and monthly thereafter for serology and for antinuclear antibody (ANA). To characterize pulmonary disease, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out for total and differential cell count. Cytokines levels were checked for IL-2, IL-4, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-10. Lungs were examined by histopathology and electron microscopy. |
Dosage form | 0.5mL; i.p.; a single administration |
Applications | All mice injected with Pristane developed a pulmonary capillaritis with perivascular infiltration with macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils. IL-6 and IL-10 were increased in BAL but levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-4 were not. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 1921-70-6 | SDF | Download SDF |
| 别名 | 姥鲛烷, Norphytane | ||
| 分子式 | C19H40 | 分子量 | 268.52 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 100 mg/mL (372.41 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C, protect from light |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.7241 mL | 18.6206 mL | 37.2412 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7448 mL | 3.7241 mL | 7.4482 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3724 mL | 1.8621 mL | 3.7241 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
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