Pyraclostrobin
(Synonyms: 吡唑醚菌酯) 目录号 : GC60314
Pyraclostrobin 是一种球果苷杀菌剂 (fungicide)，可抑制真菌和哺乳动物细胞的线粒体复合物 III (mitochondrial complex III)。Pyraclostrobin 可诱导 3T3-L1 细胞内甘油三酯的积累。
Cas No.:175013-18-0
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.50%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Pyraclostrobin is a strobilurin fungicide that inhibits mitochondrial complex III of fungal and mammalian cells. Pyraclostrobin induces triglyceride accumulation and triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells.
[1]. Anthony L Luz,et al. The High-Production Volume Fungicide Pyraclostrobin Induces Triglyceride Accumulation Associated With Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Promotes Adipocyte Differentiation Independent of PPARγ Activation, in 3T3-L1 Cells. 2018 Jan 15;393:150-159. [2]. Alexander H Tuttle, et al.Choice of Vehicle Affects Pyraclostrobin Toxicity in Mice.Chemosphere. 2019 Mar;218:501-506.
| Cas No. | 175013-18-0 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 吡唑醚菌酯 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | COC(N(C1=C(C=CC=C1)COC2=NN(C3=CC=C(Cl)C=C3)C=C2)OC)=O | ||
| 分子式 | C19H18ClN3O4 | 分子量 | 387.82 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: 250 mg/mL (644.63 mM) | 储存条件 | 4°C, protect from light |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.5785 mL | 12.8926 mL | 25.7852 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5157 mL | 2.5785 mL | 5.157 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2579 mL | 1.2893 mL | 2.5785 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Residue behavior and risk assessment of Pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole in peppers under different growing conditions
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022 Dec;29(56):84096-84105.PMID:36264460DOI:10.1007/s11356-022-23469-9.
This study evaluates the residue behavior and risks of Pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole in peppers. An analytical method for the simultaneous determination of the concentration of these fungicides in peppers was developed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Pepper samples were extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned with primary secondary amine and graphitized carbon black. The average recoveries of Pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole under three fortification levels were 86.7-101.4% and 81.7-104.4%, with relative standard deviations of 4.0-7.2% and 3.8-10.9%, respectively. The limit of quantification of both fungicides in peppers was 0.01 mg/kg. The terminal residue trial of 30% Pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole suspension concentrate was investigated for samples cultivated in open fields and greenhouses. The results showed that the terminal residues of Pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole in peppers were lower than the maximum residue limits established by GB 2763-2021 (0.5 mg/kg for Pyraclostrobin and 2 mg/kg for tebuconazole). The results of a statistical t-test indicated that there was no significant difference between samples grown in open fields and greenhouses. According to the international estimate of short-term intake (IESTI) calculation model, provided by the Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues, the acute dietary exposure risk of both fungicides in peppers was acceptable for the general population, with an IESTI of 0-3% and 0-5% of the acute reference dose for Pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole, respectively.
Glutathione-Responsive Pyraclostrobin-Loaded Polyurea Microcapsules for Their Intelligent Controlled Release
J Agric Food Chem 2022 May 4;70(17):5310-5318.PMID:35467347DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08182.
The utilization of intelligent controlled release technology to create stimuli-responsive pesticide formulations has been shown to effectively improve pesticide efficacy and reduce environmental pollution. Herein, a glutathione-responsive release polyurea (PU) microcapsules (MCs) loaded with Pyraclostrobin were developed via the interface polymerization method. The pyraclostrobin-loaded PU-MCs showed a regular spherical shape with an average diameter of 480 nm. It also showed good thermal stability and rheological properties. Furthermore, the pyraclostrobin-loaded PU-MCs exhibited favorable wettability on wheat leaves, which was beneficial for enhancing the retention capacity of pesticide droplets and improving pesticide utilization. The Pyraclostrobin can be released from MCs and directly proportional to glutathione (GSH) concentrations with Fickian diffusion. Importantly, the control efficacy of pyraclostrobin-loaded PU-MCs against Fusarium graminearum was positively correlated with GSH, indicating a promising candidate for a controlled release of pesticides in agriculture and laying the foundation for further field experiments.
Temperature-Responsive Pyraclostrobin-Loaded Octadecane Submicrocapsules with Lowered Toxicity
Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020 Nov 28;10(12):2374.PMID:33260637DOI:10.3390/nano10122374.
Pyraclostrobin (Pyr) is one of the most effective fungicides. However, it can degrade via photolysis in water, it is toxic to aquatic life and if inhaled, it has a low solubility in water, that leads to difficulties when applying to plants by spraying. Additionally, the necessity of repeated (weekly) sprays of fungicides when the pathogen growth risk is the highest, such as at the temperature range of 24 to 36 °C and increased humidity of about 95%, leads to loss of efficiency of the fungicide and overdose of chemicals. In the present study, Pyraclostrobin was microencapsulated to solve the abovementioned issues. As a core of capsules octadecane (OD) with a melting point of 28 °C was used, thus, the release of Pyraclostrobin was controlled via temperature change. Pyraclostrobin-loaded submicrocapsules (PyrSMCs) were characterized using SEM, DLS, TGA/DSC, HPLC, FTIR methods; stimuli-responsivity was tested employing in vitro tests with pathogenic culture (Fungal strain of Pyrenophora teres - CPPF-453) grown in Petri dishes. Toxicity of PyrSMCs to Artemia salina was studied as well. Size of capsules was 200-600 nm along with the presence of bigger capsules with a diameter of 1-4 µm. PyrSMCs showed excellent antifungal effects above the melting point of octadecane. PyrSMCs demonstrated 29 times less toxicity than Pyraclostrobin of technical grade. Overall, results show the potential of such capsules to be applied in the agricultural industry for precise agriculture strategies.
Pyraclostrobin induced AMPK/mTOR pathways mediated autophagy in RAW264.7 macrophages
J Environ Sci Health B 2021;56(9):793-800.PMID:34348084DOI:10.1080/03601234.2021.1956248.
Pyraclostrobin(PCT) is a highly effective and broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicide. The mode action of PCT is inhibiting mitochondrial respiration. With the widespread use of PCT in preventing and controlling crop diseases, its potential safety risks to mammals have gradually attracted attention. This paper focuses on the cytotoxicity of PCT and its molecular mechanism, RAW264.7 macrophages were selected as a research model and conducted systematic toxicology studies in vitro, including MTT assay, colony formation assay, alkaline comet assay, fluorescent staining, ATP assay and Western blotting. The results revealed that PCT decreased viability and inhibited the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells in a concentration- dependent manner. Interestingly, PCT induced DNA damage, the resulting autophagosome, the accumulation of Beclin-1, the reduction of p62, the translocation and the formation of LC3-II. Furthermore, the results showed that PCT-induced the production of excessive ROS, leading to mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, ATP depletion, and the elimination of mitochondria by autophagy. Furthermore, PCT treatment group significantly enhanced the phosphorylation level of AMPK, decreased the mTOR and p70s6k phosphorylation levels and activated the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells. In conclusion, these results showed that PCT induced autophagy in the RAW264.7 cells might potentially have risks to mammal safety.
Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of Pyraclostrobin Nanocapsules by In Situ Polymerization
Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022 Feb 5;12(3):549.PMID:35159893DOI:10.3390/nano12030549.
In this study, Pyraclostrobin nanocapsules were prepared by in situ polymerization with urea-formaldehyde resin as a wall material. The effects of different emulsifiers, emulsifier concentrations, and solvents on the physicochemical properties of Pyraclostrobin nanocapsules were investigated. Solvesso™ 100 was selected as the solvent, and Emulsifier 600# was used as the emulsifier, which accounted for 5% of the aqueous phase system, to prepare Pyraclostrobin nanocapsules with excellent physical and chemical properties. The particle size, ζ potential, and morphology of the nanocapsules were characterized by a particle size analyzer and transmission electron microscope. The nanocapsules were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and the loading content and sustained release properties of the nanocapsules were measured. The results show that the size of the prepared nanocapsules was 261.87 nm, and the polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.12, presenting a uniform spherical appearance. The loading content of the Pyraclostrobin nanocapsules was 14.3%, and their cumulative release rate was 70.99% at 250 h, providing better efficacy and sustainability compared with the Pyraclostrobin commercial formulation.