Quercetin-d3 (hydrate)
目录号 : GC48020
A neuropeptide with diverse biological activities
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Quercetin-d3(hydrate) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of quercetin by GC- or LC-MS. Quercetin is an abundant flavonoid that has been isolated from a variety of plants and has diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties.1,2,3 Quercetin (5-100 mg/kg) reduces autophagy, decreases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and increases total antioxidant capacity in the kidney in a mouse model of cadmium-induced autophagy.2 It reduces tumor growth, induces apoptosis, and halts the cell cycle at the G1 phase in an HL60 mouse xenograft model when administered at a dose of 120 mg/kg every four days.1 Quercetin (30 µM) also inhibits histamine release from antigen-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells and decreases the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 induced by PMACI in HMC-1 cells.3
1.Calgarotto, A.K., Maso, V., Junior, G.C.F., et al.Antitumor activities of quercetin and green tea in xenografts of human leukemia HL60 cellsSci. Rep.8(1)3459(2018) 2.Yuan, Y., Ma, S., Qi, Y., et al.Quercetin inhibited cadmium-induced autophagy in the mouse kidney via inhibition of oxidative stressJ. Toxicol. Pathol.29(4)247-252(2016) 3.Park, H.H., Lee, S., Son, H.Y., et al.Flavonoids inhibit histamine release and expression of proinflammatory cytokines in mast cellsArch. Pharm. Res.31(10)1303-1311(2008)
| Cas No. | N/A | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | OC1=CC(O)=C(C(C(O)=C(C2=C([2H])C([2H])=C(O)C(O)=C2[2H])O3)=O)C3=C1.O | ||
| 分子式 | C15H7D3O7.XH2O | 分子量 | 305.3 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: slightly soluble,Methanol: slightly soluble | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.2755 mL | 16.3773 mL | 32.7547 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6551 mL | 3.2755 mL | 6.5509 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3275 mL | 1.6377 mL | 3.2755 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
A Review of the Effect of Porous Media on Gas hydrate Formation
ACS Omega 2022 Sep 19;7(38):33666-33679.PMID:36188251DOI:10.1021/acsomega.2c03048.
Most gas hydrates on the earth are in sediments and permafrost areas, and porous media are often used industrially as additives to improve gas hydrate formation. For further understanding its exploration and exploitation under natural conditions and its application in industry, it is necessary to study the effect of porous media on hydrate formation. The results show that the stacked porous media affects the phase equilibrium of hydrate formation depending on the competition water activity and large specific surface areas, while integrated porous media, such as metal foam, can transfer the hydration heat rapidly and moderate the hydrate phase equilibrium. A supersaturated metal-organic framework is able to significantly improve gas storage performance and can be used as a new material to promote hydrate formation. However, the critical particle size should be studied further for approaching the best promotion effect. In addition, together with the kinetic accelerators, porous media has a synergistic effect on gas hydrate formation. The carboxyl and hydroxyl groups on the surface of porous media can stabilize hydrate crystals through hydrogen bonding. However, the hydroxyl radicals on the silica surface inhibit the combination of CH4 and free water, making the phase equilibrium conditions more demanding.
Clathrate hydrates in nature
Ann Rev Mar Sci 2009;1:303-27.PMID:21141039DOI:10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163824.
Scientific knowledge of natural clathrate hydrates has grown enormously over the past decade, with spectacular new findings of large exposures of complex hydrates on the sea floor, the development of new tools for examining the solid phase in situ, significant progress in modeling natural hydrate systems, and the discovery of exotic hydrates associated with sea floor venting of liquid CO2. Major unresolved questions remain about the role of hydrates in response to climate change today, and correlations between the hydrate reservoir of Earth and the stable isotopic evidence of massive hydrate dissociation in the geologic past. The examination of hydrates as a possible energy resource is proceeding apace for the subpermafrost accumulations in the Arctic, but serious questions remain about the viability of marine hydrates as an economic resource. New and energetic explorations by nations such as India and China are quickly uncovering large hydrate findings on their continental shelves.
Promotion of Activated Carbon on the Nucleation and Growth Kinetics of Methane Hydrates
Front Chem 2020 Oct 6;8:526101.PMID:33134268DOI:10.3389/fchem.2020.526101.
Due to the hybrid effect of physical adsorption and hydration, methane storage capacity in pre-adsorbed water-activated carbon (PW-AC) under hydrate favorable conditions is impressive, and fast nucleation and growth kinetics are also anticipated. Those fantastic natures suggest the PW-AC-based hydrates to be a promising alternative for methane storage and transportation. However, hydrate formation refers to multiscale processes, the nucleation kinetics at molecule scale give rise to macrohydrate formation, and the presence of activated carbon (AC) causes this to be more complicated. Although adequate nucleation sites induced by abundant specific surface area and pore texture were reported to correspond to fast formation kinetics at macroperspective, the micronature behind that is still ambiguous. Here, we evaluated how methane would be adsorbed on PW-AC under hydrate favorable conditions to improve the understanding of hydrate fast nucleation and growth kinetics. Microbulges on AC surface were confirmed to provide numerous nucleation sites, suggesting the contribution of abundant specific surface area of AC to fast hydrate nucleation and growth kinetics. In addition, two-way convection of water and methane molecules in micropores induced by methane physical adsorption further increases gas-liquid contact at molecular scale, which may constitute the nature of confinement effect of nanopore space.
Mechanical Instability of Methane Hydrate-Mineral Interface Systems
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021 Sep 29;13(38):46043-46054.PMID:34520161DOI:10.1021/acsami.1c08114.
Massive methane hydrates occur on sediment matrices in nature. Therefore, sediment-based methane hydrate systems play an essential role in the society and hydrate community, including energy resources, global climate changes, and geohazards. However, a fundamental understanding of mechanical properties of methane hydrate-mineral interface systems is largely limited due to insufficient experimental techniques. Herein, by using large-scale molecular simulations, we show that the mechanical properties of methane hydrate-mineral (silica, kaolinite, and Wyoming-type montmorillonite) interface systems are strongly dictated by the chemical components of sedimentary minerals that determine interfacial microstructures between methane hydrates and minerals. The tensile strengths of hydrate-mineral systems are found to decrease following the order of Wyoming-type montmorillonite- > silica- > kaolinite-based methane hydrate systems, all of which show a brittle failure at the interface between methane hydrates and minerals under tension. In contrast, upon compression, methane hydrates decompose into water and methane molecules, resulting from a large strain-induced mechanical instability. In particular, the failure of Wyoming-type montmorillonite-based methane hydrate systems under compression is characterized by a sudden decrease in the compressive stress at a strain of around 0.23, distinguishing it from those of silica- and kaolinite-based methane hydrate systems under compression. Our findings thus provide a molecular insight into the potential mechanisms of mechanical instability of gas hydrate-bearing sediment systems on Earth.
Antiagglomerants Affect Gas hydrate Growth
J Phys Chem Lett 2018 Jun 21;9(12):3491-3496.PMID:29870264DOI:10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01180.
In gas clathrate hydrates, inclusion gas molecules stabilize crystalline water structures. In addition to being fundamentally interesting, gas hydrates attract significant practical attention because of their possible application in various high-tech technologies. However, gas hydrates pose health, safety, and environmental risks when they form within oil and gas pipelines, as well as within hydrocarbon-producing and treatment facilities. Among available strategies to control and sometimes prevent hydrate plug formation is the use of surface-active low-molecular-weight compounds, known as antiagglomerants (AAs). AAs prevent the agglomeration of small hydrate particles into large plugs. It is not clear whether AAs promote or frustrate hydrate growth. We present two molecular mechanisms by which AAs promote and frustrate, respectively, hydrate growth. Our results could lead to innovative methodologies for managing hydrates in high-tech applications, as well as for securing the safety of oil and gas operations.