Chitosan (Deacetylated chitin)
(Synonyms: 壳聚糖,Deacetylated chitin (MW 150000); Poly(D-glucosamine) (MW 150000)) 目录号 : GC34082
壳聚糖（脱乙酰壳多糖）（脱乙酰壳多糖）是一种衍生自壳多糖的聚阳离子线性多糖。
Cas No.:9012-76-4
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Chitosan is a natural polycationic linear polysaccharide derived from chitin.
Chitosans are recognized as versatile biomaterials because of their non-toxicity, low allergenicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Chitosan is reported to have other biological properties, such as antitumor, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. It can be used in water treatment, wound-healing materials, pharmaceutical excipient or drug carrier, obesity treatment and as a scaffold for tissue engineering[1]. Antimicrobial activity of chitosan has been demonstrated against many bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeasts. Chitosan has wide spectrum of activity and high killing rate against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but lower toxicity toward mammalian cells[2]. Chitosan exhibits antitumor activity against different types of cancer. For example, chitosan decreases adhesion of primary melanoma A375 cell line and decreases proliferation of primary melanoma SKMEL28 cell line, it has potent pro-apoptotic effects against RPMI7951, a metastatic melanoma cell line[3]. Chitosan and its derivatives act as antioxidants by scavenging oxygen radicals such as hydroxyl, superoxide, alkyl as well as highly stable DPPH radicals in vitro[4].
Chitosan treatment dramatically increases lifespan and inhibits tumor metastasis especially in treatment groups of the low-molecular weight compound[5]. Chitosan has some apparent treatment effects on rat PCP by reducing HSP70 mRNA expression and lung inflammation, increasing the concentrations of IL-10 and IFN-γ as well as CD4(+) T-lymphocyte numbers, reducing the CD8(+) T-lymphocyte numbers and the concentration of TNF-α and inducing significant ultrastructural damage to P. carinii[6].
[1]. Cheung RC, et al. Chitosan: An Update on Potential Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications. Mar Drugs. 2015 Aug 14;13(8):5156-86. [2]. Kong M, et al. Antimicrobial properties of chitosan and mode of action: a state of the art review. Int J Food Microbiol. 2010 Nov 15;144(1):51-63. [3]. Gibot L, et al. Anticancer properties of chitosan on human melanoma are cell line dependent.Int J Biol Macromol. 2015 Jan;72:370-9. [4]. Younes I, et al. Chitin and chitosan preparation from marine sources. Structure, properties and applications. Mar Drugs. 2015 Mar 2;13(3):1133-74. [5]. Yeh MY, et al. Effects of chitosan on xenograft models of melanoma in C57BL/6 mice and hepatoma formation in SCID mice. Anticancer Res. 2013 Nov;33(11):4867-73. [6]. Liu AB, et al. Therapeutic efficacies of chitosan against Pneumocystis pneumonia of immunosuppressed rat. Parasite Immunol. 2014 Jul;36(7):292-302
| Cas No. | 9012-76-4 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 壳聚糖,Deacetylated chitin (MW 150000); Poly(D-glucosamine) (MW 150000) | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](N)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](N)[C@H](O[C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]3CO)O[C@@H]2CO)O[C@@H]1CO.[n] | ||
| 分子式 | (C6H13NO5)n | 分子量 | 161.16(monomer) |
| 溶解度 | Water : 0.67 mg/mL (ultrasonic and adjust pH to 3 with HCl);Water : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble);DMSO : < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 6.205 mL | 31.0251 mL | 62.0501 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.241 mL | 6.205 mL | 12.41 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.6205 mL | 3.1025 mL | 6.205 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Chitin and Chitosan Derivatives as Biomaterial Resources for Biological and Biomedical Applications
Molecules 2020 Dec 16;25(24):5961.PMID:33339290DOI:10.3390/molecules25245961.
Chitin is a long-chain polymer of N-acetyl-glucosamine, which is regularly found in the exoskeleton of arthropods including insects, shellfish and the cell wall of fungi. It has been known that chitin can be used for biological and biomedical applications, especially as a biomaterial for tissue repairing, encapsulating drug for drug delivery. However, chitin has been postulated as an inducer of proinflammatory cytokines and certain diseases including asthma. Likewise, Chitosan, a long-chain polymer of N-acetyl-glucosamine and d-glucosamine derived from chitin deacetylation, and Chitosan oligosaccharide, a short chain polymer, have been known for their potential therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, and anti-Alzheimer effects. This review summarizes potential utilization and limitation of chitin, Chitosan and Chitosan oligosaccharide in a variety of diseases. Furthermore, future direction of research and development of chitin, Chitosan, and Chitosan oligosaccharide for biomedical applications is discussed.
Chitosan Derivatives and Their Application in Biomedicine
Int J Mol Sci 2020 Jan 12;21(2):487.PMID:31940963DOI:10.3390/ijms21020487.
Chitosan is a product of the deacetylation of chitin, which is widely found in nature. Chitosan is insoluble in water and most organic solvents, which seriously limits both its application scope and applicable fields. However, Chitosan contains active functional groups that are liable to chemical reactions; thus, Chitosan derivatives can be obtained through the chemical modification of Chitosan. The modification of Chitosan has been an important aspect of Chitosan research, showing a better solubility, pH-sensitive targeting, an increased number of delivery systems, etc. This review summarizes the modification of Chitosan by acylation, carboxylation, alkylation, and quaternization in order to improve the water solubility, pH sensitivity, and the targeting of Chitosan derivatives. The applications of Chitosan derivatives in the antibacterial, sustained slowly release, targeting, and delivery system fields are also described. Chitosan derivatives will have a large impact and show potential in biomedicine for the development of drugs in future.
Chitosan biomaterials application in dentistry
Int J Biol Macromol 2020 Nov 1;162:956-974.PMID:32599234DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.211.
Chitosan is a natural biopolymer derived from deacetylation of chitin and it has been investigated with interdisciplinary approaches for multitude applications. Chitosan biomaterials possess unique properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, muco-adhesion and a wide range of antibacterial and antifungal activity. Additionally, Chitosan is the only cationic polysaccharide in nature and can be chemically modified to derivatives, based on the aim of function and application. The distinctive properties of Chitosan and its derivatives have aroused interest in pharmaceutical industries and biomedical fields worldwide. This review discusses the crucial role of Chitosan in production of bio-dental materials and accentuates its current profitable utilizations in oral drug delivery system, bone tissue engineering for treatment of periodontitis and dentin-pulp regeneration. Chemical modifications and incorporation of diverse bioactive molecules in order to improve the mechanical and biological characteristics of Chitosan have also been discussed.
Chitosan as a bioactive polymer: Processing, properties and applications
Int J Biol Macromol 2017 Dec;105(Pt 2):1358-1368.PMID:28735006DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.087.
Chitin is one of the most abundant natural polysaccharides in the world and it is mainly used for the production of Chitosan by a deacetylation process. Chitosan is a bioactive polymer with a wide variety of applications due to its functional properties such as antibacterial activity, non-toxicity, ease of modification, and biodegradability. This review summarizes the most common Chitosan processing methods and highlights some applications of Chitosan in various industrial and biomedical fields. Finally, environmental concerns of chitosan-based films, considering the stages from raw materials extraction up to the end of life after disposal, are also discussed with the aim of finding more eco-friendly alternatives.
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS): An overview
Int J Biol Macromol 2019 May 15;129:827-843.PMID:30708011DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.192.
The frequently studied polysaccharide, Chitosan oligosaccharide/chitooligosaccharide (COS) is the major degradation product of Chitosan/chitin via chemical hydrolysis or enzymatic degradation involving deacetylation and depolymerization processes. Innumerable studies have revealed in the recent decade that COS has various promising biomedical implications in the past analysis, current developments and potential applications in a biomedical, pharmaceutical and agricultural sector. Innovations into COS derivatization has broadened its application in cosmeceutical and nutraceutical productions as well as in water treatment and environmental safety. In relation to its parent biomaterials and other available polysaccharides, COS has low molecular weight (Mw), higher degree of deacetylation (DD), higher degree of polymerization (DP), less viscous and complete water solubility, which endowed it with significant biological properties like antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive, as well as drug/DNA delivery ability. In addition, it is also revealed to exhibit antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-HIV-1, anti-Alzheimer's disease, hypocholesterolemic, calcium absorption and hemostatic effects. Furthermore, COS is shown to have higher cellular transduction and completely absorbable via intestinal epithelium due to its cationic sphere exposed on the more exposed shorter N-glucosamine (N-Glc) units. This paper narrates the recent developments in COS biomedical applications while paying considerable attention to its physicochemical properties and its chemical composition. Its pharmacokinetic aspects are also briefly discussed while highlighting potential overdose or lethal dosing. In addition, due to its multiple NGlc unit composition and vulnerability to degradation, its safety is given significant attention. Finally, a suggestion is made for extensive study on COS anti-HIV effects with well-refined batches.