Desethylchloroquine
(Synonyms: 羟基氯喹EP杂质D-d5二盐酸) 目录号 : GC47194
An active metabolite of chloroquine
Cas No.:1476-52-4
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Desethylchloroquine is a major active metabolite of chloroquine .1 Desethylchloroquine is formed when chloroquine undergoes dealkylation, primarily by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 and to a lesser extent by CYP2D6. It inhibits the growth of the P. falciparum strain LA136 in vitro (IC50 = 9.9 ng/ml).2
1.Projean, D., Baune, B., Farinotti, R., et al.In vitro metabolism of chloroquine: Identification of CYP2C8, CYP3A4, and CYP2D6 as the main isoforms catalyzing N-desethylchloroquine formationDrug Metab. Dispos.31(6)748-754(2003) 2.Aderounmu, F.A.In vitro assessment of the antimalarial activity of chloroquine and its major metabolitesAnn. Trop. Med. Parasitol.78(6)581-585(1984)
| Cas No. | 1476-52-4 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 羟基氯喹EP杂质D-d5二盐酸 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | CCNCCCC(C)NC1=CC=NC2=C1C=CC(Cl)=C2 | ||
| 分子式 | C16H22ClN3 | 分子量 | 291.8 |
| 溶解度 | Chloroform: slightly soluble,Methanol: slightly soluble | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C, protect from light |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.427 mL | 17.135 mL | 34.27 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6854 mL | 3.427 mL | 6.854 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3427 mL | 1.7135 mL | 3.427 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Transfer of chloroquine and Desethylchloroquine across the placenta and into milk in Melanesian mothers
Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008 May;65(5):674-9.PMID:18279478DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03111.x.
What is already known about this subject: The literature on placental and milk transfer of chloroquine and its major bioactive metabolite Desethylchloroquine is sparse and incomplete. What this study adds: We have provided data on the transplacental transfer of chloroquine and Desethylchloroquine in Melanesian women (n = 19), measured transfer of these drugs into breast milk (n = 16) and estimated absolute and relative infant doses for the breastfed infant. The data for Desethylchloroquine are novel. In all three areas we have significantly increased both quantity and quality of the available database. Aims: To investigate the transfer of chloroquine and its major bioactive metabolite Desethylchloroquine across the placenta and into breast milk. Methods: In Papua New Guinea, chloroquine (CQ; 25 mg base kg(-1)) is recommended for prophylaxis of malaria during pregnancy, and at the Alexishafen Health Centre women are routinely prescribed CQ at the time of delivery. Fetal-cord and maternal serum samples were collected at delivery (n = 19) and milk samples were collected from day 3 to day 17-21 after delivery (n = 16). CQ and its primary active metabolite Desethylchloroquine (DECQ) were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. For both CQ and DECQ cord/maternal ratios (C/M) were calculated to characterize placental transfer, and infant exposure via milk was estimated by standard methods. Results: The median (interquartile range) C/M was 1.1 (0.9, 1.6) for CQ and 1.2 (0.5, 1.8) for DECQ. The average concentration in milk over the time of sampling was 167 microg l(-1) (27, 340) for CQ and 54 microg l(-1) (22, 106) for DECQ. Estimated absolute and relative infant doses were 34 microg kg(-1) day(-1) (7, 50) and 15 microg kg(-1) day(-1) (4, 26), and 2.3% (0.5, 3.6) and 1.0% (0.4, 2.0) for CQ and DECQ (as CQ equivalents), respectively. Conclusion: Infant exposure to CQ and DECQ during pregnancy will be similar to that in the maternal circulation, and dependent on maternal dose and frequency. The median CQ + DECQ relative infant dose of 3.2% (as CQ equivalents) was low, confirming that use of CQ during lactation is compatible with breastfeeding.
Influence of route of administration on the pharmaco-kinetics of chloroquine and Desethylchloroquine
Bull World Health Organ 1987;65(1):47-50.PMID:3495365doi
The pharmacokinetics of chloroquine following a single oral dose of 600 mg or an intramuscular injection of 200 mg of the drug was studied in seven healthy adult Africans. Each subject received chloroquine by both routes, with an interval of at least 4 months between them. Intramuscular injection led to rapid absorption of chloroquine, which attained a maximum concentration in plasma after 15 minutes and occasionally reached toxic levels; plasma levels fell below therapeutically useful concentrations 2-4 hours after administration. In contrast, oral administration of chloroquine produced therapeutic levels of the drug within 30 minutes and were maintained for up to 3 days. Peak levels in plasma were not high enough to produce adverse reactions. The terminal half-life and renal clearance time of chloroquine were not influenced by route of administration.
Protein binding of chloroquine enantiomers and Desethylchloroquine
Br J Clin Pharmacol 1986 Sep;22(3):356-8.PMID:3768249DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb02900.x.
The protein binding of racemic chloroquine, its enantiomers and Desethylchloroquine to plasma, purified human albumin, and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1-AGP) was determined by equilibrium dialysis. The binding was not concentration dependent. (+)-Chloroquine bound more to plasma (66.6 +/- 1.9%) and albumin (45.9 +/- 0.8%) than (-)-chloroquine (48.5 +/- 2.4% and 35.3 +/- 0.6%, respectively). These differences were statistically significant. (-)-Chloroquine bound more to alpha 1-AGP (47.5 +/- 0.7%) than (+)-chloroquine (34.5 +/- 0.5%). The binding of Desethylchloroquine to alpha 1-AGP is higher than to albumin (38.9 +/- 0.9% and 21.1 +/- 0.4%, respectively.
Chloroquine and Desethylchloroquine concentrations during regular long-term malaria prophylaxis
Bull World Health Organ 1987;65(6):879-83.PMID:3501740doi
The concentrations of chloroquine and Desethylchloroquine in the blood of 10 healthy adult Swedish volunteers who had been taking 310 mg chloroquine base once a week for at least 8 months for malaria prophylaxis were measured. Samples of capillary whole blood from the volunteers were dried on filter-paper and the drug and its principal metabolite determined by a specific high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The day after taking the drug, the mean concentration of chloroquine and Desethylchloroquine in whole blood were 1305 nmol/l and 915 nmol/l, respectively, and immediately before the next weekly dose, 489 nmol/l and 384 nmol/l, respectively. These are considered to be greater than the minimum inhibitory concentrations for susceptible strains but less than the maximum tolerated concentrations. The dosage of chloroquine recommended roughly 40 years ago for regular long-term prophylaxis should therefore not be changed.
Plasma chloroquine and Desethylchloroquine concentrations in children during and after chloroquine treatment for malaria
Br J Clin Pharmacol 1983 Dec;16(6):701-5.PMID:6661356DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02244.x.
Twelve children with acute falciparum malaria were treated with 25 mg/kg chloroquine orally in three divided doses at 24 h intervals. Concentrations of chloroquine and its metabolite, Desethylchloroquine, were measured in plasma from the beginning of treatment for up to 7 days using a high pressure liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.) technique. Chloroquine was detectable in plasma within 30 min of giving the drug. Peak level was reached in 1-8 h after the first dose of 10 mg/kg and the peak concentrations ranged between 65 and 263 ng/ml. Chloroquine concentration declined slowly in plasma after stopping drug administration so that the concentration at the seventh day was 37.5% of the concentration on the third day. The apparent half-life was 3-4 days. Desethylchloroquine was detectable in plasma within 30 min of giving chloroquine and peak levels were reached in 2-12 h. Peak concentration after the first dose of chloroquine ranged between 9 and 62 ng/ml. Desethylchloroquine was also slowly cleared from plasma and mean concentration at the end of 7 days was 49% of the mean concentration at the end of 3 days.