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Home >> Signaling Pathways >> Proteases >> Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism(线粒体代谢)

Mitochondria use multiple carbon fuels to produce ATP and metabolites, including pyruvate, which is generated from glycolysis; amino acids such as glutamine; and fatty acids. These carbon fuels feed into the TCA cycle in the mitochondrial matrix to generate the reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2, which deliver their electrons to the electron transport chain. Mitochondria are complex organelles that play an important role in many facets of cellular function, from metabolism to immune regulation and cell death. Mitochondria are actively involved in a wide variety of cellular processes and molecular interactions, such as calcium buffering, lipid flux, and intracellular signaling. It is increasingly recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of many diseases such as obesity/diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key determinant of tumor progression by impacting on functions such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mitochondrial metabolism and derived oncometabolites shape the epigenetic landscape to alter aggressiveness features of cancer cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism are relevant for the survival of tumors in response to therapy.

Products for  Mitochondrial Metabolism

  1. Cat.No. 产品名称 Information
  2. GC14328 FCCP

    碳酰氰-4-三氟甲氧基苯腙,Carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone

     FCCP是一种质子载体（H+离子载体），也是一种强磷酸化解偶联剂，促进质膜和线粒体膜的去极化。
  3. GC91623 Ferroptosis Inducer 24 Ferroptosis inducer 24 is an inducer of ferroptosis.
  4. GC18641 Ferutinin An ERα agonist
  5. GC43664 Filipin II An active component of the filipin complex
  6. GC43713 Fura-FF (potassium salt)

    钙离子荧光探针FURA-FF,五钾盐

     A low affinity fluorescent calcium indicator
  7. GC43714 Fura-FF AM

    钙离子荧光探针FURA-FF,AM

     A cell-permeable, low affinity fluorescent calcium indicator
  8. GC40008 Fuscin

    暗褐菌素

     A fungal metabolite with diverse biological activities
  9. GC43723 Galactosylsphingosine (d18:1)

    神经鞘氨醇半乳糖苷,Galactosylsphingosine

     A bioactive sphingolipid
  10. GC43729 Ganglioside GD3 Mixture (sodium salt)

    双唾液酸神经节苷脂GD3; Disialosyllactosylceramide

     A mixture of ganglioside GD3
  11. GC36132 Genistein 8-c-glucoside

    染料木素 8-C-葡萄糖苷; G8CG

     Genistein 8-c-glucoside (G8CG) 是从 Lupinus luteus L 花中分离的一种天然葡萄糖苷。Genistein 8-c-glucoside 诱导线粒体膜去极化并诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。
  12. GC47399 Geranylgeranoic Acid

    GGA

    An isoprenoid with anticancer activity
  13. GC72161 Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)) Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)) GLDH可在肝细胞、肾组织、脑、肌肉和肠细胞中发现。
  14. GC91598 GPX4 16

    Glutathione Peroxidase 4 16

     GPX4 16 is an inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4).
  15. GC61599 GW604714X

    5-(5-(6-(4-乙酰基哌嗪-1-基)-3-硝基吡啶-2-基)-2-氟亚苄基)噻唑烷-2,4-二酮

     GW604714X是丙酮酸支持的线粒体呼吸(mitochondrialrespiration)的有效选择性抑制剂。GW604714X抑制线粒体丙酮酸载体(MPC)的Ki值<0.1μM。GW604714X也能抑制质膜单羧酸转运蛋白MCT1对L-乳酸的转运，但其浓度要比MPC高4个数量级。
  16. GA10948 H-His-OH

    L-组氨酸

     H-His-OH 是婴儿必需的氨基酸。
  17. GC40665 Harzianopyridone

    (-)-Harzianopyridone

     An inhibitor of mitochondrial complex II
  18. GC52219 Heptadecanoyl-L-carnitine (chloride)

    CAR 17:0, C17:0 Carnitine, L-Carnitine heptadecanoyl ester, L-Heptadecanoylcarnitine

     A long-chain acylcarnitine
  19. GC52231 Heptadecanoyl-L-carnitine-d3 (chloride)

    CAR 17:0-d3, C17:0 Carnitine-d3, L-Carnitine heptadecanoyl ester-d3, L-Heptadecanoylcarnitine-d3

     An internal standard for the quantification of heptadecanoyl-L-carnitine
  20. GC47431 Hexanoyl-L-carnitine-d3 (chloride)

    CAR 6:0-d3, L-Caproylcarnitine-d3, Caproyl-L-Carnitine-d3, C6:0 Carnitine-d3, L-Carnitine caproyl ester-d3, L-Carnitine hexanoyl ester-d3, L-Hexanoylcarnitine-d3

     A neuropeptide with diverse biological activities
  21. GC91057 HP661

    一种线粒体复合物I抑制剂。
  22. GC49479 Hypoxanthine-d4

    次黄嘌呤

     An internal standard for the quantification of hypoxanthine
  23. GC43887 IBTP (iodide) A mitochondria-targeting thiol reactive probe
  24. GC49359 IM-156 (acetate)

    HL156A, HL271

     A mitochondrial complex I inhibitor and an AMPKα activator
  25. GC69263 IM176OUT05 IM176OUT05 是一种高溶解度的双胍。IM176OUT05 激活干细胞代谢，促进毛发再生，并在多能干细胞生成过程中增加干性诱导和维护。IM176OUT0 抑制线粒体电子传递链 (ETC) 活性，IC50 为 3.2 μM。
  26. GC10576 Imeglimin

    EMD 387008

     Imeglimin (EMD 387008) 是一种口服降糖剂。
  27. GC10956 Imeglimin hydrochloride

    (6R)-1,6-二氢-N2,N2,6-三甲基-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4-二胺盐酸盐,EMD 387008 hydrochloride

     Imeglimin hydrochloride (EMD 387008) 是一种口服降糖剂。
  28. GC62137 IMT1 IMT1 是首创的，特异性和非竞争性的人类线粒体 RNA 聚合酶 (POLRMT) 抑制剂。IMT1 引起 POLRMT 的构象变化，从而在体外以剂量依赖性方式阻断底物结合和转录。IMT1 降低了脱氧核苷三磷酸水平和柠檬酸循环中间体，导致细胞氨基酸水平显着消耗。IMT1 有潜力用于线粒体转录等相关疾病的研究。
  29. GC43909 Iromycin A

    6-[(2E,5E)-3,7-二甲基-2,5-辛二烯基]-4-羟基-3-甲基-5-丙基-2(1H)-吡啶酮

     A natural eNOS inhibitor
  30. GC43912 Isoapoptolidin Isoapoptolidin is a stable derivative of apoptolidin that demonstrates 10-fold reduced F1FO-ATP synthase inhibitory activity compared to apoptolidin (IC50s = 17 and 0.7 μM, respectively).
  31. GC43922 Isovaleryl-L-carnitine (chloride)

    L-异戊酰基肉碱

     An acylcarnitine
  32. GC47470 Isovaleryl-L-carnitine-d3 (chloride)

    CAR 5:0-d3, C5:0 Carnitine-d3, L-Carnitine isovaleryl ester-d3, L-Isovalerylcarnitine-d3

     A neuropeptide with diverse biological activities
  33. GC47531 Kresoxim-methyl

    醚菌酯,BAS 490 F

     A fungicide
  34. GC47548 L-Carnitine-d3 (chloride)

    L-肉毒碱-(甲基-D3)盐酸盐,(R)-Carnitine-d3 hydrochloride

     An internal standard for the quantification of L-carnitine
  35. GC52094 L-Carnitine-d9 (chloride)

    盐酸左卡尼汀:,(R)-Carnitine-d9 chloride; Levocarnitine-d9 chloride

     An internal standard for the quantification of L-carnitine
  36. GC49382 L-Lysine-d3 (hydrochloride)

    L-赖氨酸 d3 (盐酸)

     An internal standard for the quantification of L-lysine
  37. GC47546 Lauroyl-L-carnitine-12,12,12-d3 (chloride)

    CAR 12:0-d3, C12:0 Carnitine-d3, L-Carnitine lauroyl ester-d3, L-Lauroylcarnitine-d3

     A neuropeptide with diverse biological activities
  38. GC47547 Lauroyl-L-carnitine-d3 (chloride)

    C12:0 Carnitine-d3, CAR 12:0-d3, L-Carnitine lauroyl ester-d3, L-Lauroylcarnitine-d3

     A neuropeptide with diverse biological activities
  39. GC19221 Leucomethylene blue Mesylate

    TRx0237 mesylate; Methylene blue leuco base mesylate

     An inhibitor of tau aggregation
  40. GC63973 Ligustroside

    女贞甙,Ligstroside

     Ligustroside (Ligstroside) 是一种 secoiridoid 衍生物，在早期阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和脑老化模型中的线粒体生物能量学方面表现出色，其机制可能不会干扰 Aβ 的产生。Ligustroside 显着抑制脂多糖激活的 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞中一氧化氮的产生。
  41. GN10423 Lipoic acid

    硫辛酸

     硫辛酸 ((R)-(+)-α-硫辛酸) 是一种抗氧化剂，是线粒体酶复合物的重要辅助因子。
  42. GC11532 Lonidamine

    氯尼达明; AF-1890; Diclondazolic Acid; DICA

     An inhibitor of hexokinase
  43. GC48989 LTX-315 (trifluoroacetate salt) A synthetic cationic amphiphilic peptide
  44. GC44093 Lutein

    叶黄素

     A carotenoid with diverse biological activities
  45. GC70700 M084 M084是一种苯并咪唑衍生物。
  46. GC40007 Malformin A

    Malformin A1

     A cyclopentapeptide fungal metabolite with diverse biological activities
  47. GC61790 MCU-i4 MCU-i4 is a negative modulator of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex that directly binds a specific cleft in MICU1 and decreases mitochondrial Ca2+ influx.
  48. GC66184 Menadiol

    Dihydrovitamin K3

     Menadiol (Dihydrovitamin K3) 是一种甲基萘醌类似物，是一种电子供体，用于亚线粒体颗粒中的反向氧化磷酸化。
  49. GC47620 Mensacarcin A bacterial metabolite with anticancer activity
  50. GC19926 Methyl malonic acid

    丙二酸二甲酯

     A dicarboxylic acid and byproduct of propionate catabolism
  51. GC47663 Methylene Blue (hydrate)

    亚甲基蓝水合物,Basic Blue 9 hydrate; CI-52015 hydrate; Methylthioninium chloride hydrate

     A cationic dye with diverse biological activities

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