Spirotetramat
(Synonyms: 螺虫乙酯) 目录号 : GC48095
An insecticide
Cas No.:203313-25-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >90.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Spirotetramat is an insecticide.1 It is active against C. pyri nymphs in vitro (LC50 = 6.51-12.53 mg AI/L) and induces mortality of C. pyri nymphs in European pear (P. communis) fields by 99.2% 15 days after application at a concentration of 27 g/hectare. Spirotetramat also reduces O. insidiosus embryonic viability and nymph survival.2 It exhibits aquatic toxicity, increasing expression of glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreasing production of malondialdehyde (MDA), and inducing lethality in Chinese toad (B. gargarizans) tadpoles (LC50 = 6.98 mg/L).3
1.Civolani, S., Boselli, M., Butturini, A., et al.Testing spirotetramat as an alternative solution to abamectin for Cacopsylla pyri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) control: Laboratory and field testsJ. Econ. Entomol.108(6)2737-2742(2015) 2.Moscardini, V.F., da Costa Gontijo, P., Carvalho, G.A., et al.Toxicity and sublethal effects of seven insecticides to eggs of the flower bug Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)Chemosphere92(5)490-496(2013) 3.Yin, X., Jiang, S., Yu, J., et al.Effects of spirotetramat on the acute toxicity, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation in Chinese toad (Bufo bufo gargarizans) tadpolesEnviron. Toxicol. Pharmacol.37(3)1229-1235(2014)
| Cas No. | 203313-25-1 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 螺虫乙酯 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C1C(C2=C(C)C=CC(C)=C2)=C(OC(OCC)=O)[C@]3(CC[C@H](OC)CC3)N1 | ||
| 分子式 | C21H27NO5 | 分子量 | 373.4 |
| 溶解度 | Chloroform: Slightly soluble,Methanol: Slightly soluble | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.6781 mL | 13.3905 mL | 26.7809 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5356 mL | 2.6781 mL | 5.3562 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2678 mL | 1.339 mL | 2.6781 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
UDP-glycosyltransferases contribute to Spirotetramat resistance in Aphis gossypii Glover
Pestic Biochem Physiol 2020 Jun;166:104565.PMID:32448419DOI:10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104565.
Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) catalyze the conjugation of small lipophilic endogenous and exogenous compounds with sugars to produce water-soluble glycosides, playing an important role in insect endobiotic regulation and xenobiotic detoxification. In this study, two UGT-inhibitors, sulfinpyrazone and 5-nitrouracil, significantly increased Spirotetramat toxicity against third instar nymphs of resistant Aphis gossypii, whereas there were no synergistic effects in apterous adult aphids, suggesting UGT involvement in Spirotetramat resistance in cotton aphids. Furthermore, the UHPLC-MS/MS was employed to determine the content of Spirotetramat and its four metabolites (S-enol, S-glu, S-mono, S-keto) in the honeydew of resistant cotton aphids under Spirotetramat treatment. No residual Spirotetramat was detected in the honeydew, while its four metabolites were detected at a S-enol: S-glu: S-mono: S-keto ratio of 69.30: 6.54: 1.44: 1.00. Therefore, glycoxidation plays a major role in Spirotetramat inactivation and excretion in resistant aphids. Compared with the susceptible strain, the transcriptional levels of UGT344M2 were significantly upregulated in nymphs and adults of the resistant strain. RNA interference of UGT344M2 dramatically increased Spirotetramat toxicity in nymphs, but no such effect were found in the resistant adult aphids. Overall, UGT-mediated glycoxidation were found to be involved in Spirotetramat resistance. The suppression of UGT344M2 significantly increased the sensitivity of resistant nymphs to Spirotetramat, suggesting that UGT344M2 upregulation might be associated with Spirotetramat detoxification. This study provides an overview of the involvement of metabolic factors, UGTs, in the development of Spirotetramat resistance.
Environmental behaviors of Spirotetramat in water
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018 Aug;25(24):24162-24171.PMID:29948695DOI:10.1007/s11356-018-2462-8.
Spirotetramat is a pesticide with bidirectional systemicity in both xylem and phloem. Currently, researches show that Spirotetramat has definite toxicity to aquatic organism. This paper aims to study the environmental behaviors of Spirotetramat in water, in the hope of providing guidance for security evaluation of Spirotetramat. The researches in this paper showed that under lighting condition, the half-life period of Spirotetramat in water was 13.59 days. In water, Spirotetramat could be degraded into B-enol and B-keto. As seen from the residual concentrations of two products, B-enol was the dominant degradation product. Under different temperatures, the hydrolysis products of Spirotetramat remain B-enol and B-keto. The temperature has little effect on the residual concentration of Spirotetramat in water. The residual concentration of B-enol in water gradually increased with the extension of time but B-keto had no significant change. In the buffer solution of different pH values, the degradation rate of Spirotetramat was significantly enhanced with the increase of solution pH value. The hydrolysis products of Spirotetramat in buffer solution of different pH values were still B-enol and B-keto, and pH exerted certain influence on the residual concentration of B-enol in water. The hydrolysis conversion of Spirotetramat has theoretical and practical significance for the safe and reasonable usage of it, as well as for the further evaluation of Spirotetramat's ecological risk in water.
Dissipation characteristics of Spirotetramat and its metabolites in two phenotypically different Korean vegetables under greenhouse conditions
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022 May;39(5):964-976.PMID:35286242DOI:10.1080/19440049.2022.2046293.
This study involved analysis and method validation of Spirotetramat applied to two phenotypically different Korean vegetables (e.g. Korean cabbage and shallots) to determine the safe pre-harvest residue limit (PHRL) and comparative dissipation patterns. Two steps of the investigation involved greenhouse monitoring during crop cultivation followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. Commercial Spirotetramat was sprayed twice with seven-day intervals according to the spray schedule (0, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days before harvest) at the dose recommended by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS), Korea. During the validation of the analytical method, good linearity, specificity, and acceptable recoveries (82%-114% for Korean cabbage and 82%-111% for shallot) were established for Spirotetramat and its four metabolites. The calculated biological half-life derived from the first-order reaction (t1/2) of Spirotetramat was 4.8 days for Korean cabbage and 4.0 days for shallot, respectively. The safe PHRL for Korean cabbage was suggested at 7 days, due to permissible Spirotetramat concentration in terms of an acceptable MRL. The findings of the study will be used as the analytical reference point for developing Spirotetramat safety guidelines for use in the vegetables investigated.
Controlled Release of Spirotetramat Using Starch-Chitosan-Alginate-Encapsulation
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2020 Jan;104(1):149-155.PMID:31784766DOI:10.1007/s00128-019-02752-5.
This study was intended to develop an environment-friendly controlled release system for Spirotetramat in an alginate matrix. Four formulations, starch-chitosan-calcium alginate (SCCA), starch-calcium alginate (SCA), chitosan-calcium alginate (CCA), and calcium alginate (CA) complex gel beads, were prepared by the extrusion-exogenous gelation method. The properties of the formulations were studied. The results showed that the release behaviors of the formulations in water could be well described by the logistic model, and the release occurred through Fickian diffusion. Among the four formulations, SCCA showed the highest entrapment efficiency, drug loading and the slowest release rate. Degradation studies revealed that the SCCA formulation exhibited an obvious slower degradation rate of Spirotetramat in soils than the commercially available formulation. The estimated half-life of the SCCA formulation was 2.31, 3.25, and 4.51 days in waterloggogenic paddy soil, purplish soil, and montmorillonite, respectively, when the soils were moistened to 60% of its dry weight. This study provided a possible approach to prolong the duration of Spirotetramat and to reduce environmental contamination.
Uptake, translocation, and degradation of Spirotetramat in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller): Impact of the mixed-application with pymetrozine
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022 Aug;29(40):60133-60144.PMID:35419685DOI:10.1007/s11356-022-20198-x.
In this study, we investigated the impact of the mixed-application with pymetrozine on the behavior (i.e., uptake, translocation, and degradation) of Spirotetramat in tomatoes under laboratory conditions. Results showed that pymetrozine promoted the uptake of Spirotetramat from the nutrition solution after root application. The root concentration factor was 0.290 and 1.566 after Spirotetramat single application and mixed-application with pymetrozine, respectively. It had little effect on the degradation of Spirotetramat, with the metabolites of M-keto, M-enol, and M-glu in tomato issue (root, stems, and leaves). After foliar treatments, pymetrozine accelerated the translocation of Spirotetramat from leaves to stems, with the translocation factor of 0.145 and 0.402 after Spirotetramat single application and mixtures with pymetrozine, respectively. Pymetrozine also promoted the degradation of Spirotetramat to M-kto and M-enol in leaves. Besides, a partition-limited model was used to describe the distribution processes of Spirotetramat in the tomato-water system after root application. It showed that pymetrozine accelerated the distribution balance of Spirotetramat in the whole system. Our result indicates that the interaction among pesticides should be considered when studied for the uptake, translocation, and degradation of pesticides in crops.