Streptogramin B
(Synonyms: Mikamycin B; Mikamycin IA) 目录号 : GC48111A macrolide antibiotic
Cas No.:3131-03-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Streptogramin B is a macrolide antibiotic.1 It inhibits the growth of Clostridium, Peptostreptococcus, and Propionibacterium bacterial species (MIC90s = 2, 0.5, and 8 μg/ml, respectively).2 Streptogramin B inhibits protein synthesis by interacting with the 50S ribosome.1 Resistance to streptogramin B is conferred by erythromycin ribosome methylation (erm) genes, which code for methylases that methylate the 50S ribosome, interfering with streptogramin B binding.
1.Roberts, M.C., Sutcliffe, J., Courvalin, P., et al.Nomenclature for macrolide and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance determinantsAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.43(12)2823-2830(1999) 2.Laforest, H., Fourgeaud, M., Richet, H., et al.Comparative in vitro activities of pristinamycin, its components, and other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteriaAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.32(7)1094-1096(1988)
| Cas No. | 3131-03-1 | SDF | |
| 别名 | Mikamycin B; Mikamycin IA | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C1C[C@](C(N[C@@H](C2=CC=CC=C2)C(O[C@H](C)[C@H](NC(C3=C(O)C=CC=N3)=O)C4=O)=O)=O)([H])N(C([C@@](CC5=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C5)([H])N(C)C([C@]6([H])CCCN6C([C@H](N4)CC)=O)=O)=O)CC1 | ||
| 分子式 | C45H54N8O10 | 分子量 | 867 |
| 溶解度 | Chloroform: 30 mg/ml,DMF: 30 mg/ml,DMSO: 30 mg/ml,DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:4): 0.20 mg/ml | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.1534 mL | 5.767 mL | 11.534 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2307 mL | 1.1534 mL | 2.3068 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1153 mL | 0.5767 mL | 1.1534 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jul 22;23(15):8088.PMID:35897667DOI:10.3390/ijms23158088.
This paper discusses the mechanisms of S. aureus drug resistance including: (1) introduction. (2) resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, with particular emphasis on the mec genes found in the Staphylococcaceae family, the structure and occurrence of SCCmec cassettes, as well as differences in the presence of some virulence genes and its expression in major epidemiological types and clones of HA-MRSA, CA-MRSA, and LA-MRSA strains. Other mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics will also be discussed, such as mutations in the gdpP gene, BORSA or MODSA phenotypes, as well as resistance to ceftobiprole and ceftaroline. (3) Resistance to glycopeptides (VRSA, VISA, hVISA strains, vancomycin tolerance). (4) Resistance to oxazolidinones (mutational and enzymatic resistance to linezolid). (5) Resistance to MLS-B (macrolides, lincosamides, ketolides, and Streptogramin B). (6) Aminoglycosides and spectinomicin, including resistance genes, their regulation and localization (plasmids, transposons, class I integrons, SCCmec), and types and spectrum of enzymes that inactivate aminoglycosides. (7). Fluoroquinolones (8) Tetracyclines, including the mechanisms of active protection of the drug target site and active efflux of the drug from the bacterial cell. (9) Mupirocin. (10) Fusidic acid. (11) Daptomycin. (12) Resistance to other antibiotics and chemioterapeutics (e.g., streptogramins A, quinupristin/dalfopristin, chloramphenicol, rifampicin, fosfomycin, trimethoprim) (13) Molecular epidemiology of MRSA.
New macrolide, lincosaminide and Streptogramin B antibiotics
Expert Opin Ther Pat 2010 Oct;20(10):1343-57.PMID:20645886DOI:10.1517/13543776.2010.505921.
Importance of the field: New antibiotics are needed to overcome microbial resistance and to improve on the therapeutic index and clinical effectiveness of existing agents. Area covered in this review: This review covers the journal and patent literature published from about the mid-2000s to 2010 to provide an overview of the large diversity of new chemical entities in the macrolide, lincosaminide and Streptogramin B (MLS(B)) class. What the reader will gain: The review identifies areas of the greatest effort and recent results in pursuing structure-activity relationships among MLS(B) antibiotics and highlights preclinical and clinical candidates that have arisen from these diverse discovery programs. Take home message: Research on the MLS(B) class appears promising for the eventual registration and commercialization of several new antibiotics that improve the clinical effectiveness of existing agents and combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
NMR characterization of Streptogramin B and L-156,587, a non-synergistic pair of the streptogramin family antibiotic complexes produced inductively by a combined culture of Streptomyces albogriseolus and Tsukamurella pulmonis
Magn Reson Chem 2022 Feb;60(2):261-270.PMID:34547830DOI:10.1002/mrc.5219.
The complete 1 H and 13 C NMR characterization of Streptogramin B (1), the major component of a clinically important synergistic antibiotic complex, was presented for the first time, along with those of L-156,587 (2), a dehydrated congener of streptogramin A (3). Compounds 1 and 2 were not synergistic and produced by Streptomyces albogriseolus in co-culture with Tsukamurella pulmonis, which poses a question on the adaptive significance of the induced production of this antibiotic pair.
[Study of macrolide, lincosamide, and Streptogramin B antibiotics resistance in Staphylococcus aureus]
Yakugaku Zasshi 2000 Apr;120(4):374-86.PMID:10774259DOI:10.1248/yakushi1947.120.4_374.
Macrolide antibiotics (Mac) consist of a 12- to 16-membered lactone ring combined with a sugar moiety, and they inhibit protein synthesis via binding to 23S ribosomal RNA in bacteria. The 14- and 16-membered Mac are used for treating infectious diseases caused by Gram-positive and other bacteria; e.g., Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Legionella pneumophila, Campylobacter, Treponema pallidum and Mycoplasma. Resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin-B (MLS) antibiotics in staphylococci is known to have the following mechanisms: 1) alteration of the target on ribosome due to dimethylation of a specific adenine residue in the 23S ribosomal RNA by the product of the erm gene, and consequently a decrease in binding of MLS antibiotics; 2) inactivation of streptogramin-B (STG-B) and lincosamide by the products of the sbh (encoding Streptogramin B hydrolase) and linA' (encoding 3-lincomycin 4-clindamycin O-nucleotidyltransferase) genes, respectively; and 3) active efflux of Mac and STG-B antibiotics determined by the msrA and msrB genes in Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus xylosus, respectively, both of which appear to act as an ATP-dependent efflux pump. I have shown that Staphylococcus aureus 8325(pEP2104) exhibits inducible resistance to PMS (partial macrolide and Streptogramin B)-antibiotics [the 14-membered macrolides, erythromycin (EM), and oleandomycin (OL), and the 16-membered macrolide mycinamicin (MCM) and STG-B]. The sequence of the N-terminal amino acid residues of a 63 kDa protein (MsrSA) that appeared in the membrane of PMS-resistant strains was identical to that of an MsrA polypeptide related to enhanced efflux of [14C]EM. Ribosomes from PMS-resistant strains showed a similar affinity for EM to those from the PMS-sensitive host strain NCTC8325, and no inactivation of EM by 8325(pEP2104) was observed. In the present study, I showed the DNA sequence of the msrSA region on the constitutive PMS-resistant plasmid pMC38, PMS-inducible resistant plasmid pEP2104 and PMS-sensitive mutant plasmid pSP6, and the region that is essential for inducible expression in PMS resistance. In addition, I investigated the relationship between PMS resistance and intracellular accumulation of EM.
Analysis of Resistance to Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B Among mecA-Positive Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2019 Feb;10(1):25-31.PMID:30847268DOI:10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.1.06.
Objectives: Genetic determinants conferring resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, and Streptogramin B (MLSB) via ribosomal modification such as, erm, msrA/B and ereA/B genes are distributed in bacteria. The main goals of this work were to evaluate the dissemination of MLSB resistance phenotypes and genotypes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates collected from clinical samples. Methods: A total of 106 MRSA isolates were studied. Isolates were recovered from 3 hospitals in Tehran between May 2016 to July 2017. The prevalence of MLSB-resistant strains were determined by D-test, and then M-PCR was performed to identify genes encoding resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramins in the tested isolates. Results: The frequency of constitutive resistance MLSB, inducible resistance MLSB and MSB resistance were 56.2%, 22.9%, and 16.6%, respectively. Of 11 isolates with the inducible resistance MLSB phenotype, ermC, ermB, ermA and ereA were positive in 81.8%, 63.6%, 54.5% and 18.2% of these isolates, respectively. In isolates with the constitutive resistance MLSB phenotype, the prevalence of ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA, msrB, ereA and ereB were 25.9%, 18.5%, 44.4%, 0.0%, 0.0%, 11.1% and 0.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Clindamycin is commonly administered in severe MRSA infections depending upon the antimicrobial susceptibility findings. This study showed that the D-test should be used as an obligatory method in routine disk diffusion assay to detect inducible clindamycin resistance in MRSA so that effective antibiotic treatment can be provided.