Thromboxane B2
(Synonyms: (5Z,9Α,11RS,13E,15S)-9,11,15-三羟基血栓氧-5,13-二烯-1-乌苏酸,TXB2) 目录号 : GC40536An inactive metabolite of TXA2
Cas No.:54397-85-2
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
TXB2 is a stable, biologically inert metabolite formed from the non-enzymatic hydrolysis of TXA2, which has a half-life of about 30 seconds.[1] Urinary analysis of TXB2 accurately reflects intrarenal TXA2 synthesis, while measurement of 11-dehydro and 2,3-dinor thromboxane metabolites gives the best estimate of systemic TXA2 secretion.[2],[3],[4]
Reference:
[1]. Needleman, P., Moncada, S., Bunting, S., et al. Identification of an enzyme in platelet microsomes which generates thromboxane A2 from prostaglandin endoperoxides. Nature 261(5561), 558-560 (1976).
[2]. Patrono, C., Ciabattoni, G., Patrignani, P., et al. Evidence for a renal origin of urinary thromboxane B2 in health and disease. Adv. Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot. Res. 11, 493-498 (1983).
[3]. Lawson, J.A., Patrono, C., Ciabattoni, G., et al. Long-lived enzymatic metabolites of thromboxane B2 in the human circulation. Anal. Biochem. 155(1), 198-205 (1986).
[4]. Patrono, C., Ciabattoni, G., Pugliese, F., et al. Estimated rate of thromboxane secretion into the circulation of normal humans. J. Clin. Invest. 77(2), 590-594 (1986).
| Cas No. | 54397-85-2 | SDF | |
| 别名 | (5Z,9Α,11RS,13E,15S)-9,11,15-三羟基血栓氧-5,13-二烯-1-乌苏酸,TXB2 | ||
| 化学名 | 9α,11,15S-trihydroxythromba-5Z,13E-dien-1-oic acid | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O[C@@H]1[C@H](C/C=C\CCCC(O)=O)[C@@H](/C=C/[C@@H](O)CCCCC)OC(O)C1 | ||
| 分子式 | C20H34O6 | 分子量 | 370.5 |
| 溶解度 | 10mg/mL in methylacetate, 100mg/mL in ethanol | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.6991 mL | 13.4953 mL | 26.9906 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5398 mL | 2.6991 mL | 5.3981 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2699 mL | 1.3495 mL | 2.6991 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
The Role of Thromboxane in the Course and Treatment of Ischemic Stroke: Review
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Oct 28;22(21):11644.PMID:34769074DOI:10.3390/ijms222111644.
Cardiovascular diseases are currently among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in many developed countries. They are distinguished by chronic and latent development, a course with stages of worsening of symptoms and a period of improvement, and a constant potential threat to life. One of the most important disorders in cardiovascular disease is ischemic stroke. The causes of ischemic stroke can be divided into non-modifiable and modifiable causes. One treatment modality from a neurological point of view is acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), which blocks cyclooxygenase and, thus, thromboxane synthesis. The legitimacy of its administration does not raise any doubts in the case of the acute phase of stroke in patients in whom thrombolytic treatment cannot be initiated. The measurement of Thromboxane B2 (TxB2) in serum (a stable metabolic product of TxA2) is the only test that measures the effect of aspirin on the activity of COX-1 in platelets. Measurement of Thromboxane B2 may be a potential biomarker of vascular disease risk in patients treated with aspirin. The aim of this study is to present the role of Thromboxane B2 in ischemic stroke and to present effective therapies for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Scientific articles from the PubMed database were used for the work, which were selected on the basis of a search for "thromboxane and stroke". Subsequently, a restriction was introduced for works older than 10 years, those concerning animals, and those without full text access. Ultimately, 58 articles were selected. It was shown that a high concentration of TXB2 may be a risk factor for ischemic stroke or ischemic heart disease. However, there is insufficient evidence to suggest that thromboxane could be used in clinical practice as a marker of ischemic stroke. The inclusion of ASA in the prevention of stroke has a beneficial effect that is associated with the effect on thromboxane. However, its insufficient power in 25% or even 50% of the population should be taken into account. An alternative and/or additional therapy could be a selective antagonist of the thromboxane receptor. Thromboxane A2 production is inhibited by estrogen; therefore, the risk of CVD after the menopause and among men is higher. More research is needed in this area.
A monoclonal anti-thromboxane B2 antibody
FEBS Lett 1988 May 9;232(1):46-50.PMID:3130275DOI:10.1016/0014-5793(88)80383-1.
A monoclonal antibody against Thromboxane B2 which may be used in standard fluid phase radioimmunoassays with a detection limit of around 40 pg and a binding affinity of 1.98 X 10(9) M-1 is described. Limited crossreactivity could be observed only with structurally closely related compounds such as 2,3-dinor-thromboxane B2 (8.9%), thromboxane B1 (15.7%) and thromboxane B3 (39.7%). Detectable crossreactivity with 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2, omega-carboxy-thromboxane B2, omega-hydroxy-thromboxane B2, prostaglandins of the D-, E- and F-type as well as metabolites of prostacyclin was lacking. The monoclonal anti-thromboxane B2 antibody proved well suited for measuring the Thromboxane B2 content in tissue culture supernatants as well as in human serum.
Metabolism of Thromboxane B2 in the monkey
J Biol Chem 1978 Aug 10;253(15):5305-18.PMID:97291doi
[3H8]Thromboxane B2 was biosynthesized and infused into an unanesthetized monkey. Several urinary metabolites were isolated and their structures elucidated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition to the major urinary metabolite, dinor-thromboxane B2, a series of metabolites resulting from dehydrogenetion of the alcohol group at C-11 were identified: 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2, 11-dehydro-15-keto-13,14-dihydro-2,3-dinor-thromboxane B2, and 11-dehydro-15-keto-13,14-dihydro-19-carboxyl-2,3,4,5-tetranor-thromboxane B2. 6-(1,3-dihydroxypropyl)-7-hydroxy-10-oxo-3-pentadecaenoic acid was also identified. Three mono-O-ethylated metabolites were formed from Thromboxane B2, which in this study was infused in an ethanolic solution. A small quantity of Thromboxane B2 was excreted unchanged into the urine.
Synthesis of Thromboxane B2 metabolites
Prostaglandins 1978 Jul;16(1):85-92.PMID:704927DOI:10.1016/0090-6980(78)90204-6.
This paper reports the synthesis of 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 methyl ester (II), 15-dehydrothromboxane B2 methyl ester (III), 15-dehydro-13, 14-dihydrothromboxane B2 (XII) and 2,3-dinorthromboxane B2 methyl ester (XV). These compounds, as their free acids, have been reported to be thromboxane metabolites.
Purification and characterization of an NAD(+)-dependent dehydrogenase that catalyzes the oxidation of Thromboxane B2 at C-11 from porcine liver. Development and application of 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 radioimmunoassay to enzyme assay
Biochim Biophys Acta 1990 Oct 12;1036(1):55-63.PMID:2223826DOI:10.1016/0304-4165(90)90213-g.
11-Dehydro-thromboxane B2 has been identified as a major metabolite of infused as well as endogenous Thromboxane B2 in mammalian plasma and urine. This metabolite is derived from Thromboxane B2 by enzymatic oxidation at C-11 catalyzed by 11-hydroxythromboxane B2 dehydrogenase. A radioimmunoassay for 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 has been developed and used for enzyme assay, purification and characterization. Antibodies were generated against 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 conjugated to bovine thyroglobulin. Labeled marker was prepared by radioiodinating 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2-tyrosine methyl ester conjugate. A sensitive radioimmunoassay capable of detecting 10 pg of 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 per assay tube was developed. The antibodies showed minimal crossreaction with Thromboxane B2 (0.03%), prostaglandin D2 (2.76%) and other eicosanoids (less than 0.03%). The enzyme activity was determined by assaying NAD(+)-dependent formation of immunoreactive 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 from Thromboxane B2. The enzyme was found to be enriched in liver although significant activity was also detected in gastrointestinal tract and kidney in pig. The enzyme was purified from porcine liver cytosol to apparent homogeneity using conventional and affinity chromatography. The purified enzyme exhibited coenzyme specificity for NAD+ and used Thromboxane B2 as a substrate. The enzyme also catalyzes NADH-dependent reduction of 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 to Thromboxane B2 indicating the reversibility of the enzyme catalyzed reaction. The apparent Km values for Thromboxane B2, 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 and NAD+ are 8.1, 8.0 and 23 microM, respectively. Subunit Mr was shown to be 55,000, whereas the native enzyme Mr was found to be 110,000 indicating that the enzyme is a dimer. The enzyme is sensitive to sulfhydryl inhibitions suggesting cysteine residues are essential to enzyme activity. The availability of a homogeneous enzyme preparation should allow further studies on the substrate specificity and the structure and function of the enzyme.