WST-1
(Synonyms: 2-(4-碘苯)-3-(4-硝基苯)-5-(2,4-二磺基苯)-2H-四氮唑钠盐) 目录号 : GC48398
A water-soluble and cell-permeable tetrazolium dye
Cas No.:150849-52-8
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
;)
,-1-7$$$37316672.jpg');)
;)
;)
$$$36806353.jpg');)
;33(7)%EF%BC%9A546-561$$$37156877.jpg');)
;)
;)
;)
%201124-1138.$$$35908550.jpg');)
%20766-780.$$$37100057.jpg');)
%20418-432.$$$36893736.jpg');)
%EF%BC%9A-240-255.$$$35108512.jpg');)
533-545$$$36543525.jpg');)
%201-13.$$$36600053.jpg');)
;)
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
WST-1 is a water-soluble and cell-permeable tetrazolium dye.1,2,3 Upon NADH-dependent enzymatic cleavage by cellular mitochondrial dehydrogenases, formazan is released, which can be quantified by colorimetric detection at 450 nm as a measure of cell viability.
1.Francoeur, A.M., and Assalian, A.Microcat: A novel cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assay based on WST-1Biochemica319-25(1996) 2.Ishiyama, M., Shiga, M., Sasamoto, K., et al.A new sulfonated tetrazolium salt that produces a highly water-soluble formazan dyeChem. Pharm. Bull.41(6)1118-1122(1993) 3.Ishiyama, M., Tominaga, H., Shiga, M., et al.A combined assay of cell viability and in vitro cytotoxicity with a highly water-soluble tetrazolium salt, neutral red and crystal violetBiol. Pharm. Bull.19(11)1518-1520(1996)
| Cas No. | 150849-52-8 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 2-(4-碘苯)-3-(4-硝基苯)-5-(2,4-二磺基苯)-2H-四氮唑钠盐 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | [O-]S(C(C=C1)=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1C2=NN(C3=CC=C(I)C=C3)[N+](C4=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C4)=N2)(=O)=O.[Na+] | ||
| 分子式 | C19H11IN5O8S2•Na | 分子量 | 651.3 |
| 溶解度 | DMF: 5 mg/ml,DMSO: 10 mg/ml,PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C,protect from light |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
||
| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
 |
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.5354 mL | 7.677 mL | 15.3539 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3071 mL | 1.5354 mL | 3.0708 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1535 mL | 0.7677 mL | 1.5354 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Curcumin effects on cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis in colorectal cancer
J BUON 2019 Jul-Aug;24(4):1482-1487.PMID:31646795doi
Purpose: Curcumin is a natural phytopolyphenol compound isolated from the root of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and possesses a wide range of biological properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative, wound healing, anti-invasive and anti-migrative effects of curcumin on HCT-116 and LoVo colorectal cancer cell lines. Methods: The antiproliferative activity of 2.5-75 µM curcumin was tested on HCT-116 and LoVo colorectal cell lines and the viability of the cells was tested with WST-1 reagent by using ELISA plate reader at 450 nm. xCELLigence RTCA DP system was used for the detection of anti-invasive and anti-migrative effects of curcumin. Results: The IC50 of curcumin was 10±0.03 for HCT-116 and 20±0.05 µM for LoVo cell lines. The IC50 of curcumin (10µM for HCT-116 and 20 µM for LoVo) showed anti-metastatic activity on these cell lines. Conclusion: This study showed that curcumin could be evaluated as a promising anti-cancer agent for human colorectal cancer.
Applying XTT, WST-1, and WST-8 to human chondrocytes: A comparison of membrane-impermeable tetrazolium salts in 2D and 3D cultures
Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017;67(3-4):327-342.PMID:28869462DOI:10.3233/CH-179213.
Background: Tetrazolium-based assays are optimized to assess proliferation/toxicity of monolayer or suspension cells in microtiter plates. With regard to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine the need for in vivo like 3D microtissues has an increasing relevance. Applying tetrazolium-based assays to 3D culture systems is technically more challenging. The composed microenvironment may influence the assay standards, e.g. equal distribution of tetrazolium. Objective: Evaluation of membrane-impermeable tetrazolium salt-based assays with regard to spheroid culture (3D) of human chondrocytes. Methods: Chondrocytes were isolated from human articular cartilage. XTT, WST-1, and WST-8 were applied to monolayer cells (2D, varying cell numbers) and spheroids (3D, different sizes) in 96well plates. Formazan formation was measured spectrophotometrically after different incubation periods. Evaluation was done using phase contrast microsopy (toxicity), analyzing the correlation of cell number and absorbance signals (Gompertz function), and document signal over background ratio. Results: In monolayer culture the assays showed a correlation between seeded cell numbers and absorption data. Spheroid sizes are directly related to the starting cell number. A correlation between size and absorbance was only detectable starting from 10,000 cells/aggregate. Phase contrast microscopy of monolayer cells revealed strong toxicity effects of the WST-1 (4 h) and XTT (8 h) assay and no signs of toxicity using WST-8. Conclusion: The WST-8 assay is non-toxic and revealed the highest sensitivity in comparison to the XTT or WST-1 assay. There is evidence, that only cells of the outer rim of spheroids are able to convert membrane-impermeable tetrazolium salts to formazans.
Mind your assays: Misleading cytotoxicity with the WST-1 assay in the presence of manganese
PLoS One 2020 Apr 16;15(4):e0231634.PMID:32298350DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0231634.
The WST-1 assay is the most common test to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of chemicals. Tetrazolium-based assays can, however, be affected by the interference of tested chemicals, including carbon nanotubes or Mg particles. Here, we report a new interference of Mn materials with the WST-1 assay. Endothelial cells exposed to Mn particles (Mn alone or Fe-Mn alloy from 50 to 1600 μg/ml) were severely damaged according to the WST-1 assay, but not the ATP content assay. Subsequent experiments revealed that Mn particles interfere with the reduction of the tetrazolium salt to formazan. Therefore, the WST-1 assay is not suitable to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of Mn-containing materials, and luminescence-based assays such as CellTiter-Glo® appear more appropriate.
WST-1-based cell cytotoxicity assay as a substitute for MTT-based assay for rapid detection of toxigenic Bacillus species using CHO cell line
J Microbiol Methods 2008 Jun;73(3):211-5.PMID:18417231DOI:10.1016/j.mimet.2008.03.002.
Bacillus cereus continues to be one of the important foodborne pathogens due to its ability to produce various heat-labile and -stable toxins. Several methods have been developed to assess the pathogenicity of the B. cereus strains; however, most of these take more than 2-3 days to provide confirmatory results. In this study we standardized a one-step cytotoxicity assay using WST-1 (4-[3-(4-iodophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulfonate) and compared with the traditional MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide)-based assay for rapid detection of cytotoxic Bacillus spp. using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. Crude toxin preparations from 50 isolates of Bacillus spp. were exposed to CHO cell line for 1 h or 24 h and the cytotoxicity was determined by using WST-1 and MTT-based methods. Most B. cereus strains and some strains of other Bacillus species from our collection or from food sources showed comparably high cytotoxicity using either of the methods (P=0.81); however, WST-1 assay provided results in only 3 h while MTT assay in 44-52 h. A positive correlation (R2=0.93) between WST-1 and MTT assays strongly suggests that the WST-1-based cytotoxicity assay could be used as an alternative method to MTT assay for rapid (3 h) confirmation of toxigenic Bacillus species in foods prior to their retail distribution or consumption.
Development and validation of UPLC method for WST-1 cell viability assay and its application to MCTT HCE™ eye irritation test for colorful substances
Toxicol In Vitro 2019 Oct;60:412-419.PMID:31247334DOI:10.1016/j.tiv.2019.06.017.
WST-1 [Water Soluble Tetrazolium-1; 2-(4-Iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, monosodium salt)] is widely used in the cell viability assays replacing MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide). A water-soluble formazan dye (4-[1-(4-Iodophenyl)-5-(4-nitrophenyl)formaz-3-yl]-1,3-benzene disulfonate, disodium salt) is produced from the reduction of WST-1 tetrazolium, of which optical density at 450 nm is measured to evaluate cell viability. Colorful substances may interfere with spectrometric measurement, and a method to specifically detect WST-1 formazan is required. Here, a simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to UV detector (UPLC-UV) was developed and validated for the WST-1 formazan. For the application to cell viability assay, the supernatant from WST-1 assay was injected without sample preparation procedure and a single run was completed within 5 min. Chromatographic separation was achieved on BEH C18 column (1.7 μm, 2.1 × 50 mm) using gradient elution with the mobile phase of water and acetonitrile. The standard curves were linear over the concentration range of 2.5-120 μg/mL WST-1 formazan, which encompasses WST-1 formazan concentrations from 2% cell viability to 2 fold of 100% cell viability. The intra- and inter-day precisions were measured to be below 5% and accuracies were within the range of 91.8-104.9%. The validated method was successfully applied to the test of colorful substances in vitro eye irritation test with a human cornea-like epithelium, and in vitro cytotoxicity in HaCaT, human keratinocyte cell line.