ZSET1446 (ST-101)
(Synonyms: ST-101) 目录号 : GC30807
ZSET1446 (ST-101) 是一种新型认知增强剂，可显着改善各种类型的阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 模型中的学习缺陷。
Cas No.:887603-94-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Animal experiment: | The experimental apparatus consists of a Plexiglas open-field box [25 cm (width) × 41 cm (length) × 17 cm (depth), model TP-105], the floor of which is covered with sawdust. The apparatus is located in a sound-attenuated room. The procedure for the novel object recognition task consists of three different sessions: habituation, training, and retention sessions. Each mouse is individually habituated to the box, with 10 min of exploration in the absence of objects (day 1: habituation session). ZSET1446 at doses of 0.001, 0.003, 0.01, and 0.03 mg/kg and/or memantine at doses of 3 and 10 mg/kg is orally administered 60 min before the training trial. In the experiment of injection of nicotinic receptor antagonists, oral administration of ZSET1446 and i.p. injection of mechamylamine or DHbE at each dose of 1 mg/kg are given 60 min before the training trial. During the training session, two different novel objects are symmetrically fixed to the floor in the box, and each animal is allowed to explore in the box for 10 min (day 2: training session). These objects are different in shape and color but similar in size. The mice are considered to be exploring the object when the mouse is facing, touching, or sniffing the object. The time spent for exploring each object is manuallymeasured by a stopwatch. In the training session, locomotor activity is simultaneously measured for a period of 10 min automatically, using an Animex Auto placed under the open-field box. After the training trial, mice are immediately returned to their home cages. |
References: [1]. Takeda K, et al. Potentiation of Acetylcholine-Mediated Facilitation of Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission by an Azaindolizione Derivative, ZSET1446 (ST101), in the Rat Hippocampus. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2016 Feb;356(2):445-55. | |
ZSET1446 is a novel cognitive enhancer that significantly improves learning deficits in various types of Alzheimer disease (AD) models.
ZSET1446 (100 pM-10 nM) exerts limited effects on the basal neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission. ZSET1446 potentiates the facilitatory effect of nAChR stimulation on sPSC frequency. ZSET1446 potentiates the increase in sIPSC frequency by local application of nicotine (5 µM; 2 minutes) without affecting the basal sIPSC frequency at the range of 10 pM to 1 nM[1].
ZSET1446 enhances object recognition memory in mice and ameliorates cognitive impairment caused by scopolamine in rats. Concomitant administration of subeffective doses of ZSET1446 and memantine significantly ameliorates the cognitive performance in the novel object recognition task in both mice and rats. Moreover, oral administration of ZSET1446 or memantine increases the extracellular level of ACh in the hippocampus as compared with the control. Further, concomitant administration of subeffective doses of ZSET1446 and memantine significantly increases the extracellular level of ACh as compared with the group of ZSET1446 or memantine alone[2]. ZSET1446 (0.002, 0.01, and 0.1 mg/kg, p.o.) ameliorates cognitive deficits of SAMP8 after 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks of treatment in a novel object recognition test. ZSET1446 also reduces grading scores of SAMP8 after 16 weeks of treatment. Further, 8-week treatment of ZSET1446 significantly reduces the total number of Aβ-positive granules in the hippocampus[3].
[1]. Takeda K, et al. Potentiation of Acetylcholine-Mediated Facilitation of Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission by an Azaindolizione Derivative, ZSET1446 (ST101), in the Rat Hippocampus. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2016 Feb;356(2):445-55. [2]. Yamaguchi Y, et al. Combination effects of ZSET1446/ST101 with memantine on cognitive function and extracellular acetylcholine in the hippocampus. J Pharmacol Sci. 2013;123(4):347-55. Epub 2013 Nov 29. [3]. Yamaguchi Y, et al. Effects of ZSET1446/ST101 on cognitive deficits and amyloid β deposition in the senescence accelerated prone mouse brain. J Pharmacol Sci. 2012;119(2):160-6.
| Cas No. | 887603-94-3 | SDF | |
| 别名 | ST-101 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C1N=C2C=CC=CN2C13CC4=C(C=CC=C4)C3 | ||
| 分子式 | C15H12N2O | 分子量 | 236.27 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : ≥ 34 mg/mL (143.90 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 4.2324 mL | 21.1622 mL | 42.3245 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8465 mL | 4.2324 mL | 8.4649 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4232 mL | 2.1162 mL | 4.2324 mL |
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[Neurochemical mechanisms of a novel Alzheimer's disease therapeutics on improvement of cognition and depressive behavior]
Loss of cholinergic neurons and/or dysfunction of the glutamatergic system in the central nervous system cause learning impairment in experimental Alzheimer's (Alz) disease animals and Alz patients. Furthermore, the impaired cholinergic system is likely implicated in depressive behaviors in Alz patients. Neurogenesis persistently occurs in the forebrain subventricular zone (SVZ) and hippocampal subgranular zone (SGZ) in rodent and human brains. Notably, impaired neurogenesis in those regions is implicated not only in memory deficits but also in depressive behaviors. We have recently found that olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) mice reveal memory impairment and depressive behaviors. Using this attractive OBX mice model, we discovered a novel cognitive enhancer, spiro[imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3,2-indan]-2(3H)-one (ZSET1446/ST101), that is a new azaindolizinone derivative without inhibitory action on acetylcholine esterase (AChE). Interestingly, ZSET1446 improved learning and memory by potentiating nicotine-induced ACh release in the hippocampus of amyloid-beta infused rats. In addition, ZSET1446 restored OBX-induced cognitive deficits in mice. Furthermore, chronic ZSET1446 administration significantly rescues decreased neuronal precursor cell proliferation seen in the dentate gyrus of OBX mice. Consistent with enhanced neurogenesis, chronic ZSET1446 administration improved depressive behavior assessed using the tail suspension test in OBX mice. Protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways likely mediate ZSET1446-induced neurogenesis. These results suggest that ZSET1446 action via stimulation of the cholinergic system elicits improvement of the depression and cognitive impairment observed in Alz disease patients.
A novel cognitive enhancer, ZSET1446/ST101, promotes hippocampal neurogenesis and ameliorates depressive behavior in olfactory bulbectomized mice
In the adult brain, neurogenesis persistently occurs in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), and impaired neurogenesis is implicated in depressive behaviors and poor learning memory. Here, we investigated the effects of oral administration of spiro[imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3,2-indan]-2(3H)-one (ZSET1446/ST101), a novel cognitive enhancer stimulating acetylcholine release, on adult neurogenesis in olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) mice. OBX mice showed significant decreases in the number of newborn cells in the DG by immunohistochemical analysis of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation. Impaired neurogenesis observed in OBX mice was significantly improved by chronic administration with ZSET1446. We confirmed that administration with mecamylamine, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, inhibits ZSET1446-enhanced neurogenesis in the DG. ZSET1446 administration also restored decreased phosphorylation of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the DG of OBX mice. Consistent with restored neurogenesis, chronic but not single ZSET1446 administration promoted significant decreases in immobility in tail suspension tests and improved cognitive behaviors in OBX mice. Taken together, chronic ZSET1446 administration antagonized impaired neurogenesis seen in OBX mice, an effect closely associated with improvement of depressive behavior.
Combination effects of ZSET1446/ST101 with memantine on cognitive function and extracellular acetylcholine in the hippocampus
In the novel object recognition task, ZSET1446 (also coded as ST101) enhanced object recognition memory in mice and ameliorated cognitive impairment caused by scopolamine in rats. The enhancement induced by ZSET1446 in mice was abolished by injection of mechamylamine, a nonselective antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors, or dihydro-汕-erythroidine, a selective antagonist against the 汐4 subunit of nicotinic ACh receptors. These results suggest that the procognitive effect of ZSET146 is probably mediated by stimulation of nicotinic receptors. Memantine was also effective in these tests and concomitant administration of subeffective doses of ZSET1446 and memantine significantly ameliorated the cognitive performance in the novel object recognition task in both mice and rats. Moreover, oral administration of ZSET1446 or memantine increased the extracellular level of ACh in the hippocampus as compared with the control. Further, concomitant administration of subeffective doses of ZSET1446 and memantine significantly increased the extracellular level of ACh as compared with the group of ZSET1446 or memantine alone. These results suggest that these two compounds have a synergistic effect on the cognitive function possibly by synergistic increase in the extracellular level of ACh in the hippocampus, and that the combination therapy of these compounds might be effective in clinical settings.
Effects of ZSET1446/ST101 on cognitive deficits and amyloid 汕 deposition in the senescence accelerated prone mouse brain
The senescence accelerated prone mouse strain 8 (SAMP8) develops age-related deficits in learning and memory. Effects of the azaindolizinone derivative ZSET1446/ST101, a newly synthesized cognitive enhancer, on cognitive impairment and deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) were assessed in the SAMP8. ZSET1446 was administered in drinking water at estimated doses of 0.002, 0.01, and 0.1 mg/kg per day from the age of 8 months. The SAMP8 at the age of 8 months showed cognitive impairment in a novel object recognition task compared with young SAMP8 at the age of 8 weeks. Further, grading scores were gradually increased from 9 to 12 months and Aβ-like immunoreactivity in the hippocampus was increased at the age of 10 months. ZSET1446 ameliorated cognitive deficits of SAMP8 after 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks of treatment in a novel object recognition test. ZSET1446 also reduced grading scores of SAMP8 after 16 weeks of treatment. Further, 8-week treatment of ZSET1446 significantly reduced the total number of Aβ-positive granules in the hippocampus. These results suggest that ZSET1446 shows ameliorating effects on SAMP8 partly due to the suppression of an increase of Aβ-deposition in the hippocampus.
A novel azaindolizinone derivative ZSET1446 (spiro[imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3,2-indan]-2(3H)-one) improves methamphetamine-induced impairment of recognition memory in mice by activating extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2
The effect of ZSET1446 (spiro[imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3,2-indan]-2(3H)-one) on cognitive impairment in mice, previously treated with methamphetamine (METH) at a dose of 1 mg/kg for 7 days, was investigated. ZSET1446 showed a significant ameliorating effect on METH-induced impairment of recognition memory, although it had no effect on exploratory behavior. ZSET1446 (1 microg/kg) recovered the defect of the novelty-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of METH-treated mice. The compound increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 levels in the hippocampus but not PFC of naive mice without affecting the total ERK1/2 levels. The ameliorating effect of ZSET1446 on recognition memory in METH-treated mice was negated by pretreatment with a mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase inhibitor, SL327 (alpha-[amino-(4-aminophenylthio)methylene]-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenylacetonitrile). Furthermore, the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist, SCH23390 [R-(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine], and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, MK-801 [5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine (dizocilpine maleate)], blocked the ameliorating effect of ZSET1446 on METH-induced memory impairment, whereas the D2 receptor antagonist, raclopride, had no effect. These results suggest that the ameliorative effect of ZSET1446 on METH-induced memory impairment is associated with indirect activation of ERK1/2 following stimulation with dopamine D1 and NMDA receptors of the PFC. ZSET1446 would be a potential candidate for further preclinical study aimed at the treatment of cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, as well as METH psychosis.